...ome from PAN, probably due to the fact that their avionics and their compasses are less protected against interference / radio frequency and magnetic ionizing radiation than those of commercial and military aircraft. In four cases, Military aircraft weapons systems were rendered ineffective when they momentarily were directed to a PAN. Finally, in 31 cases, the pilot had t...

...ome from PAN, probably due to the fact that their avionics and their compasses are less protected against interference / radio frequency and magnetic ionizing radiation than those of commercial and military aircraft. In four cases, Military aircraft weapons systems were rendered ineffective when they momentarily were directed to a PAN. Finally, in 31 cases, the pilot had t...

...re due to: A. “Flash” burns, caused directly by the almost instanta- neous radiation of heat and light at the moment of the ex- plosion. B. Burns resu... ... forceable hurling—about of persons struck by the blast pressure waves. D. Radiation injuries caused by the instantaneous penetrat- ing radiation (in ... ...cessive X-ray exposure) from the nuclear explosion; all of these effective radiations occurred during the first minute after initiation of the explosi... ...b, or any in- duced radioactivity of objects near the explosion. The gamma radiations emitted by the nuclear explosion did not, of course, inflict any... ...d and (2) the prevalence of “flash” burns caused by the instantaneous heat radiation. 9 The Atomic Bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki B. Mechanical i... ... not entirely suitable in that it does not define the type of radiation as ionizing and allows possible confusion with other types of radiation (e.g.,... ... (e.g., infra-red). The objection to the latter term is that it limits the ionizing radiation to gamma rays, which were undoubtedly the most important... ... ingly, radiation injury is used in this report to mean injury due only to ionizing radiation. According to Japanese observations, the early symptons ... ...rsons exposed to the bombs at the time of detonation did show effects from ionizing ra- diation and that some of these patients, otherwise unin- jured...