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...LOW-INTENSITY CONFLICT: WHAT IS IT AND WHY SHOULD IT CONCERN THE USAF? . . . . . 1 Low-Intensity Conflict Defined . . . . . . . . . . .1 Special Characteristics of Low-Intensity Conflict . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Operational Terms Rel...

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...le of fielding a decisive, conventional air force. To illustrate the point, this essay studies Iraq’s performance in the war against Iran. During the conflict, the Iraqi air force obtained all the equipment and training money could buy, but after eight years of combat experience it still made only minor contributions in a war effort against an equal foe. The in- ability of...

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...1 ORGANIZATION 1 Origins of the Ba’athist Movement 1 Iraqi Military Political Involvement 2 Organization of the Air Force 3 Organizational Summary 5 Notes 6 2 TRAINING 7 Importance of Training 7 Public Education in Iraq 8 Iraqi Military Training 9 Foreign Training 10 The Training Factor 11 Notes 13 3 EQUIPPING 14 Expanding the Military i...

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...e most part where they serve the purpose of emphasis, or of pointing up the organizational structure of the treatise, or both. 24 Cf. p. 13 n. 9. ... ... ignorance of both the word and the thing. This ignorance, when it does not conflict with the faith, is to be borne in charity, just as many other h... ...e to weakness and ignorance are borne in the church, so long as they do not conflict with the faith and the Holy Scriptures. But we are now arguing ... ...r of a man and a woman is of divine law and is binding, however much it may conflict with the laws of men; the laws of men must give way before it w... ...a liberty which is above all the laws of men, especially where a law of God conflicts with them. Thus it is said in Mark 2[:28]: “The Son of man is ... ... is nevertheless right before God, whose command must take precedence if it conflicts with the commands of men [Acts 5:29]. An equally lying inventi...

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...otential for providing a future joint commander with an effective process for determining airpower mission priorities and selecting targets. Finally, organizational changes and recommendations are suggested to assure the targeting process overcomes individual service biases and remains focused on accomplishing the theater objectives....

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...1 INTRODUCTION . . . . 1 Notes . . . . . . 4 2 THE HISTORY OF JOINT TARGETING SINCE WORLD WAR II . . . . . 5 World War II . . . . . . 5 Korean Conflict . . . . 6 Vietnam War . . . . . . 9 Desert Storm . . . . . . 13 Notes . . . . . . 15 3 THE JTCB TODAY . . . 19 Current Definition . . . 19 Where the JTCB Fits into the Planning Process . . . . . . 20 Model A—T...

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...ng gives way to cynical and bitter pragmatism as both enemy and people tire of the conflict. 3. An inevitable result of the realpolitik of terrori... ...ones opened its own schools to indoctrinate the future generations of the populace. Conflicts erupted over ecclesiastical matters, the construction ... ...It was a holy war for the protection of holy (Orthodox) mother church. It was this conflict that led to the Turkish capitulation embedded in the Sa... ...donia and Novi Pazar. The risk of losing Kosovo and Metohija was very real and the conflict assumed the robes of a crusade, both cultural and relig... ...t it was little Montenegro which was the first to declare war in almost all Balkan conflicts. Whether as Serbian proxies or because of the contenti... ...banon and Bosnia). The influx of volunteers put pressure on the leadership - both organizational and pecuniary. The KLA - an entrepreneurial start... ...tently raided by KFOR), strewn throughout Kosovo and beyond. Its chain of command, organizational structure, directorates, operational and assembly...

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...s, particularly in the last two centuries, the rise of science has brought conflicts between “scientific truth” and “religious truth,” almost always w... ...considerable political clout. At the time of writing these words, military conflicts based on religious differences plague Lebanon and former Yugoslav... ...st ended between Iraq and Iran which, among other causes, found a basis in conflicting views on how the regulations of Islam should be implemented in ... ... should be implemented in daily social and political life. These religious conflicts have fairly firm foundations. For example, currently— as in the p... ...wentieth centuries. 16 An intermixture of the same religious, cultural and organizational movements from which modern Judaism developed, also gave bir... ...centuries, eastern Christianity—in both an ideological, and to some degree organizational, sense was mixed with Arab traditions, and promulgated prima... ...quire or depend upon the performance of rituals or (except in the original organizational stages controlled by Gautama) obedience to the commands of a... ...men to play a prominent part in his movement. A traditional account of the conflict which arose when it was suggested that women be admitted to the mo...

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...oyment of NATO’s airpower. Out–of–area operations and PFP participation in NATO operations will have profound effects on combined doctrine, training, organizational structures, exercises and employment of forces. NATO’s tactical doctrine revision process served the alliance well during the Cold War. But today, the international environment has drastically changed: both the...

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...tegorize and analyze the role of air power in peacekeeping. Next, several recommendations are presented concerning command and control, doctrine, and organizational issues. In the end, this study concludes that the role of air power in peacekeeping is primarily auxiliary. Nevertheless, among the potential US contributions to UN peacekeeping, air power may be the best mediu...

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...nt and Impartiality . . . . 7 Principle of Effective Military Support . . . . . . 8 Additional Principles . . . . 8 Peacekeeping and International Conflict Control . . . . . 8 Peacekeeping in the 21st Century . . . . . 10 Notes . . . . 12 3 AIR POWER AND PEACEKEEPING . . . . 15 Operational Analysis . . . . 17 Command and Control . . . . . . . 17 Communications . ....

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...n matrices E 1 , … , E k may not be conformable for addition. Combined conflicting opinions tend to cancel out and assisted by the strong law of ... ...tion matrices E 1 , …, E K may not be conformable for addition. Combined conflicting opinions tend to cancel out and assisted the strong law of larg... ...is useful because it provides us with a clear indication of the number of conflicts that exist in the digraph of the FCM. By that we can draw conclu... ...eas such as competition, customers, products, suppliers, risk assessment, organizational effectiveness, etc., on the business performance. Reasoning ... ... be used to assess the impact of Information Systems (IS) on a particular organizational area. IAM provides a comprehensive knowledge base of organi... ...nd allows the development of alternative scenarios with regard to current organizational situation assessment and alternative Business and IS strate... ...al theories. The proposed business metrics are drawn from domains such as organizational effectiveness, business and Information Systems (IS) strate... ...veness, business and Information Systems (IS) strategy, human aspects and organizational behaviour, IT issues, financial indicators, etc. The bu... ... please refer [1]. Fuzzy logic provides a model of how to analyze such conflicts. The example that follows develops an FCM virtual world based ...

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...a culture (TV) - mass events (festivals) - cultural services Meritocracy - organizational integration and identity - language of technosystems, offici... ... society was felt the strongest, as well as the chasm between generations, conflicts between young people and their parents, youth problems. And now t... ...astern and Western behavioural customs is evident e.g. in press reports on conflicts that arose during the world Scouting jamboree held in Thailand in... ...against the spread of Western sexual culture. The issue is one of cultural conflict between East and West, the seriousness of which is not understood ... ...bye and asked forgiveness. It is important for everyone to be forgiven the conflicts they may have had with the deceased, and to take care that they d... ...consumption and supranational applications. As a system superculture is an organizational, professional culture, technocracy and meritocracy relying ... ... knowledge - community, independent organization - organizational dependence - economic self-sufficiency ... ... the rice growers and village communities become (1) technologically, (2) organizationally, (3) intellectually and (4) ideologically dependent on cen... ...tricted to the community only. In minimal ecosystems institutionalized or organizational inequality is still "undeveloped", and there are few status ...

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... structures (wave and particle, continued and discontinued) expresses the conflict between two antagonistic energies. The passing of the potential t... ...otal actualization or a total potentialization being possible. The generic conflict, according to Lupasco, is that between the homogenized forces and... ...that authorizes him to be, not only in an ideological sense but also in an organizational one, the leader of the movement to which he has dedicated h...

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... produce policies that bring about cease-fire in the form of war termination, but fail to address the underlying causes and conditions that generated conflict (and, potentially, war). These issues must be resolved if the US government hopes to improve the social and political conditions of those embroiled in conflict while at the same time bolstering a security posture fa...

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...PART I Framing the Problem 1 CONFLICT TERMINATION WITHIN A BUREAUCRATIC ENVIRONMENT . . . . . . . . . 3 Interagency Decision Making via Negotiation. . . . . . . . . . 5 The Efficacy of the Policy-Making Process . . 14 Outline of the Study . . . . . ...

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... . . . . . . . . .1 Values Crisis? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Harnessing a Different Military . . . . . . . . . . 3 Cultures in Conflict . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 2 TRADITIONAL MILITARY CULTURE . . . . . . .7 Professionalism and Homogeneity . . . . . . . .7 Fraternity . . ...

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.... At the latest by 31 December 1996, the EMI shall specify the regulatory, organizational and logisti- cal framework necessary for the ESCB to perform... ...e- tween two or more Member States in so far as such co-operation does not conflict with, or impede, that provided for in this Title. ARTICLE K.8 1. T... .... At the latest by 31 December 1996, the EMI shall specify the regulatory, organizational and logistical framework necessary for the ESCB to perform i... ...- ter of Article 40.3.3. of the Constitution of Ireland and which does not conflict with the intention of the High Contracting Parties hereinbefore ex...

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...airlines bore responsibility, too.They were facing an escalating number of conflicting and, for the most part, erroneous reports about other flights, ... ...rica may be in progress. NORAD, what’s the situa- tion?” NORAD said it had conflicting reports. Its latest information was “of a possible hijacked air... ... to the President just after entering the shelter conference room.There is conflicting evidence about when the Vice President arrived in the shelter c... ...is saying no. Floor Leadership: No? It came over the chat. . . .Y ou got a conflict on that direction? Controllers: Right now no, but— Floor Leadershi... ...rking that “This is a new type of war.” 241 He was, and is, right. But the conflict did not begin on 9/11. It had been publicly declared years earlier... ...is”—studying technical communications systems and codes as well as foreign organizational structures, including those of terrorist organizations. Cold... ...as Mohammed Atef, occupied undisputed leadership positions atop al Qaeda’s organizational structure.Within this structure, al Qaeda’s worldwide terror... ...erterrorism objectives. It would then detail the proposed expenditures and organizational changes required to acquire and implement these capabilities... ... 1996; Dec. 19, 1996; Dec. 19, 1996); on roles and responsibilities of the organizational component (Dec. 19, 1996); on objectives and direction (Jan....