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...For any positive integer n, let (n) be the Euler function, and am(n) denotes the Smarandache m-th power residues function of n. The main purpose of this paper is using the elementary method to study the number of the solutions of the equation (n) = am(n), and give all solutions f...

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...ZHANG WENPENG, LI JUNZHUANG, LIU DUANSEN (EDITORS) RESEARCH ON SMARANDACHE PROBLEMS IN NUMBER THEORY (VOL. II) PROCEED... ...THEMATICS SHANGLUO TEACHER’S COLLEGE SHANGLUO, SHAANXI, P.R.CHINA RESEARCH ON SMARANDACHE PROBLEMS IN NUMBER THEORY (VOL. II) PROCEED... ...ersity, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China. Guo Jinbao, College of Mathematics and Computer Science, Yanan University, Yanan, Shaanxi, P. R. China. ... ...University, Yanan, Shaanxi, P. R. China. Copyright 2005 by Hexis and Zhang Wenpeng, Li Junzhuang, Liu Duansen, and all authors for their ow... ...eSmarandacheceilfunctionandtheDirichletdivisorfunction 51 RenDongmei viii RESEARCHONSMARANDACHEPROBLEMSINNUMBERTHEORYII OnadualfunctionoftheSmarandac... ... book is dedicated to Professor Florentin Smarandache, who listed many new and unsolved problems in number theory. Preface Arithmetic is where num... ...by which we are to understand that number theory should contribute to the development of science by continuously supplying challenging problems and ... ...eal world. The research on Smarandache Problems plays a key role in the development of number theory. Therefore, many mathematicians show their in...

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...This paper addresses the question, “Will metamaterials facilitate an operationally feasible and significant optical stealth capability for the US Air Force?” To answer this question, the author’s research is directed at the advances and development patterns of optical band metamaterials; specifically, it addresses t...

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...Number theory is an ancient subject, but we still cannot answer many simplest and most natural questions about the integers. Some old problems have been solved, but more arise. All the research for these ancient or new problems implicated and are still promoting the development of number theory and mat...

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...t University Xi’an, P. R. China Hexis 200 4 RESEARCH ON SMARANDACHE PROBLEMS IN NUMBER THEORY (Collect ed papers) ... ... - 600 036 , India. Copyright 200 4 by Hexis (Phoenix, USA) and Zhang Wenpeng, a nd A uthors . Many books one can download from th... ...k is dedicated to the memory of Florentin Smarandache, who listed many new and unsolved problems in number theory. Contents Dedication v Preface xi A... ...in number theory. Contents Dedication v Preface xi An arithmetic function and the primitive number of power 1 Zhang Wenpeng On the primitive numbers... ... 47 Li Jie A number theoretic function and its mean value 49 Gao Nan viii RESEARCH ON SMARANDACHE PROBLEMS IN NUMBER THEORY On the generalized constr... ...he integers. Some old problems have been solved, but more arise . All the research for th ese ancient or new problems implicated and are still promo... ... for th ese ancient or new problems implicated and are still promoting the development of number theory and mathematics. American - Romanian numbe...

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..."Setting the Context: Suppression of Enemy Air Defenses and Joint War Fighting in an Uncertain World explains why SEAD has changed the basic fabric of air warfare. In discussing the familiar themes of the past and the emerging paradigms of the future, Colonel Brungess weaves a web...

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...1 HISTORY AND DOCTRINE . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 CRITERIA FORASSESSING SEAD EFFECTIVENESS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 3 SERVICE APPROACHES TO SEAD . . . . . . .93 4 THE MERITS OF JSEAD: THE QUESTTO ACHIEVE EFFECTIVENESS...

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...3) guarantees ethnic Russians living in former Soviet states protection, (4) emphasizes the importance of military advancement in C4I, smart weapons, and mobility, and (5) emphasizes strategic nonnuclear deterrent forces....

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...1 INTRODUCTION . . . . 1 Notes . . . . . . 4 2 RUSSIAN VIEW OF MILITARY DOCTRINE . . . . 7 Relationship between Military Doctrine and Strategy . . . . 8 Military Doctrine—Military Art—Operational Art—Tactics . . . .9 Soviet/Russian Military Doctrine Evolution . . . . 9 Soviet Military Doctrine Stereotype . . . . . 16 Notes . . . . . . 19 3 RUSSIAN ...

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...On 23 November 2010, the chief of staff of the Air Force tasked the Air Force Research Institute to review Air Force command and control (C2) to determine whether doctrine and organizational structures require changes to ensure success in uncertain and dynamic future scenarios. The research team conclu...

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...introduction 1 A Framework for Analyzing Command and Control Structures 2 Analytical Model 2 results of the Analysis 5 Guidelines for Adaptive Command and Control 6 Using the Influences to Design Adaptive Command and Control 10 Organize, train, and equip: Observations ...

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...This study examines the development and usefulness of US air attack theory and doctrine during the interwar period, 1919–1941. This period represents more than 20years of development in US Air Corps attack theory and doctrine. It was the first peace...

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...1 INTRODUCTION . . . . 1 Principal Research Question . . . . . 1 Background and Significance of the Problem . . . . 1 Limitations of the Study . . . . . 2 Definitions and Assumptions . . . . 2 Preview of the Argument . . . . . 3 Notes . . . . . 3 2 ATTAC...

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...erely an update of previous editions. Instead, it is a statement of propositions concerning the use of aerospace power set within the context of war, and based on explicit analysis of historical and contemporary experience. Its intent is to provide guidance for the exercise of professional judgement by all aerospace leaders. This thesis is intended to provide a framework f...

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...S Introduction 1 Doctrine Defined 2 Sources of Doctrine 3 Previous Doctrines 4 II. ANALYSIS OF THE NEW AFM 1-1 Introduction 19 Chapter 1. "War and the American Mind" 20 Chapter 2. “The Nature of Aerospace Power" 21 Chapter 3. "Employing Aerospace Forces" 23 Chapter 4. "Preparing the Air Force for War" 25 Evaluation of AFM 1-1 as Doctrine 26 AFM 1-1 and Desert S...

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...A collection of historical accounts and oral history interviews with elder Kama'ainan fisher-people from the Kapalilua region of South Kona, island of Hawai'i....

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...This volume, compiled at the request of Scott Atkinson on behalf of The Nature Conservancy, includes excerpts from selected historical records and oral history interviews with elder kamaaina of the Kapalilua region of South Kona on the island of Hawaii. The area traditionally identified as Kapalilua extends from the Kealia-Hookena section of Kona to Kaulanamauna, si...

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...Introduction -- 1 -- Background and Approach to Conducting the Study -- 1 -- Interview Methodology -- 1 -- Release of Oral History Interview Records -- 3 -- Contributors to the Oral History Interviews -- 3 -- Kapalilua Lands And Fisheries: A Historical Over...

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...f the “Native Hawaiian Data Book”, a comprehensive statistical profile of the current status of the Native Hawaiian community. This data is gathered and compiled to assist community organizations to develop and strengthen service programs and community action projects to effectively meet the needs of Native Hawaiians. Data and information are key components in protecting ...

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...e than one race for Census 2000. This meant more accurate counts for Native Hawaiians, who could now be separated from the category, “Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander” (NHOPI) by being counted as Native Hawaiian alone or in combination with other races. According to the U.S. Census 2000 data, there are approximately 401,162 Native Hawaiians in Hawaii and on the ...

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... State. 18 -- Kauai County Gis Map. 21 -- Oahu Gis Map. 22 -- Maui County Gis Map. 23 -- Hawaii County Gis Map. 24 -- Marriages By Ethnicity Of Groom And Ethnicity Of Bride: 2003 And 2004. 25 -- Resident Live Births By Resident County And Ethnicity Of Mother: 2003 And 2004. 26 -- Resident Live Births Where Mother Is Unmarried By Ethnicity Of Child: 2003 And 2004. 27 -- Res...

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...This book also begins with that wondrous first Information Technology and then moves on to tales about the wonders of the written word—great stories, many of them likely new to most readers. In them, you‘ll find all the backgrounds, foregrounds, premises, conclusions, and surprises that make up...

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...him with language. Even before He takes Adam‘s rib to make Eve, He tells Adam to name every living creature. Adam immediately understands God‘s words and enunciates his own....

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...h. Yet somehow we find it easy to make sense of speech. -- 2. The Gift of Memory-For millennia, mnemonics reigned over commerce, news, entertainment, and the perpetuation and refinement of crafts. -- 3. From Whence Cometh Indo-European Tongues?-Did a freshwater lake community flee a saltwater surge that filled the Black Sea and scatter its language west toward the Atlantic...

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... balance of power within major civilizations. BRAD BRADFORD Foreword and Epilogue By Michael S. Hart Dedication to CAROL For bec... ...Dedication to CAROL For becoming my smart, beautiful bride in 1949 and then giving fully of herself to me and our wonderful family incomparab... ...elf to me and our wonderful family incomparable love, care, feeding, fun, and friendship. Also for her perceptive editing of my copy over many de... ...m-Webster defines INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY as ―the technology involving the development, maintenance, and use of computer systems, software, and netwo... .... Expanded Access To Wasted Intellect Feeding my curiosity with random research convinced me of the following: • Earlier InfoTech r... ...rles Weatherby wrote in Vital Choices, an online newsletter: ―More recent research indicates that some early human ancestors lived on the seacoast of... ...t shellfish—like today‘s scallops—in abundance.‖ Renowned British brain researcher Michael Crawford, PhD, argues quite persuasively that humans co... ...ystems developed elsewhere While writing with cuneiform continued under development in Mesopotamia, other pictograph systems began appearing in In... ...graphic writing‘s thousands of symbols. Asian histories emphasize that development of wood-block printing led to the rise in China of a highly li...

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...The fourth volume, in my book series of “Collected Papers”, includes 100 published and unpublished articles, notes, (preliminary) drafts containing just ideas to be further investigated, scientific souvenirs, scientific blogs, project proposals, small experiments, solved and unsolved problems and conjecture...

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... First Lunar Space Base, project proposal, by V. Christianto, Florentin Smarandache..15 2. On Recent Discovery of New Planetoids in the Solar System and Quantization of Celestial System, by V. Christianto, F. Smarandache..................28 3. Open and Solved Elementary Questions in Astronomy, by Florentin Smarandache.. 36 BIOLOGY......................................40...

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...The fourth volume, in my book series of “Collected Papers”, includes 100 published and unpublished articles, notes, (preliminary) drafts containing just ideas to be further investigated, scientific souvenirs, scientific blogs, project proposals, small experiments, solved and unsolved problems and conjecture...

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... First Lunar Space Base, project proposal, by V. Christianto, Florentin Smarandache..15 2. On Recent Discovery of New Planetoids in the Solar System and Quantization of Celestial System, by V. Christianto, F. Smarandache..................28 3. Open and Solved Elementary Questions in Astronomy, by Florentin Smarandache.. 36 BIOLOGY......................................40...