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...anguages—plus Yiddish. A panoply of excitement. Useful tête-a-tête facts to have in your repertoire: great visual artists & their works, architects & architecture; classic books & their authors; major religions; Greek & Roman deities; state & country capitals; & the radio/military alphabet....

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...Usage & Pronunciation, Foreign Phrases, Quotations, Poems, Nursery Rhymes, Great Art/Artists, Architecture/Architects, Books/Authors, & Religions ... ... Games Game 1 Game 2 Painting, Sculpture, Watercolor, DrawingChapter 12–GREAT ARCHITECTS & ARCHITECTURE Game Suggestions – Two-person and Parlor G... ...E Game Suggestions – Two-person and Parlor Games Game 1 Game 2 Game 3 Great Architects & ArchitectureChapter 13–CLASSIC AUTHORS & BOOKS Game Sug... ...s, Dr. Seuss, and nurseryrhymes.Great visual artists and their worksGreat architects and their architectureClassic books and authorsFacts regarding ma... ...ue. Activate(AK tuh vaat)Verb: to arouse to activity by the influence of an external agent.1.-Soviet nuclear testing activated a worldwide alarm over... ...ent.1.-Soviet nuclear testing activated a worldwide alarm over potential atomic fallout.2.-The Soviet satellite Sputnik was instrumental in activating... ...ponent with body punches.2.-(a) Hail assailed the hunters before they could reach cover.3.-(a) Soviet troops on the Eastern Front were assailed with h... ... The farm bloc is always pressuring Congress for favorable ethanol legislation.2.-(b) The Sino-Soviet political bloc has disappeared following the fal... ...the Monroe Doctrine.4.-(b) African nationalism has received the diplomatic countenance (n.) of Soviet Russia. Countermand(kown ter MAND)Verb or Noun:...

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...PART I Space Organization, Doctrine, and Architecture 1 An Aerospace Strategy for an Aerospace Nation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Stephen E. Wright 2 After the Gulf War: Balancing Space Power’s Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...

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... . . . . ix PART I Space Organization, Doctrine, and Architecture 1 An Aerospace Strategy for an Aerospace Nation ... ...allegos 3 Blueprints for the Future: Comparing National Security Space Architectures . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Christian C. Daehnick... ...10 Space System Terms and Definitions . . . . . . . 112 11 Space Architecture Elements . . . . . . . . . . . 114 12 Space Architec... ... Architecture Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . 115 13 Command-Oriented Architecture Priorities . . . . 118 14 Demand-Oriented Archite... ... aerospacepower so decisively dominated a conflict. The transformationof the Soviet Union ushered in a new political environmentthat alters the cold w... ...l jet market. Further,with the political and economic downturn in the former SovietUnion, no nation provides the range of space services that theUnite... ...e nature of the international security environment ischanging. In the former Soviet Union, Boris Yeltsin’s support-ers appear fewer in number, and he ... ... nations do about growing ethnic unrest in thesouthern regions of the former Soviet Union? These questions,and the many more that could be asked serve... ... abated with the decline in tensions betweenthe United States and the former Soviet Union. What politicalimperatives, then, will direct the responses,...

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In the last volume of this series, the Russian spacecraft designer Boris Chertok continues his narrative on the history of the Soviet space program.

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...es and index. 1. Chertok, B. E. (Boris Evseevich), 1912– 2. Astronautics—Soviet Union—Biography. 3. Aerospace engineers—Soviet Union—Biography. 4. A... ...—Biography. 3. Aerospace engineers—Soviet Union—Biography. 4. Astronautics—Soviet Union—History.I. Siddiqi, Asif A., 1966– II. Title. III. Series. IV.... ...ow. Thirtyyears later, he was one of the senior designers in charge of the Soviet Union’scrowning achievement as a space power: the launch of Yuriy Ga... ...nik and Gagarin, and continu-ing to the many successes and failures of the Soviet space program, consti-tutes the core of his memoirs, Rockets and Peo... ...the present day, the missile andspace efforts of the United States and the Soviet Union (and now Russia) havebeen inextricably linked. As such, althou... ...er places?Can you explain this to me?” “A competition system is fine for architecture,” I tried to object. “There,during the drawings phase, one can...

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...While investigating these topics, my research centered on an interview with one of the former Soviet Union’s top missile engineers, the vice commander of Air Combat Command, discussions with the USAF Air Armament Center’s chief of advanced concepts, and on recently declassified CIA documents regarding the US reconnais...

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...estigating these topics, my research centered on an interview with one of the former Soviet Union’s top missile engineers, the vice com- ... ... Estimates. Also important to this work are Russian language sources documenting the Soviet need to develop mobile missiles. Although ... ...rk and kindness in allowing me to inter- view him regarding his participation in the Soviet missile program was a highlight of my re... ...nwilling to counter. From the recognition of this US vulnerability to strikes by the Soviet Union in the early decades of the Cold War to suc... ...n-guided munitions will continue to prevail, as will the complex command and control architectures that govern their use. Weapon sys... ...ts, and other government surveys were also tapped. Per- sonal interviews with former Soviet missile design engineer, Dr. Sergei Khru... ...y replace it with the more capable SBIRS, adding significant capability to our TMD architecture. SBIRS will provide the nation with new and... ... Directorate, Plans & Programs, subject: Persistent Area Dominance: An Effects Based Architecture for TCT and Other Target Environments 2010,... ...ed to make this strategy viable—applied tech- nology and an efficient decision-making architecture—from sensor to shooter. As indicat...

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Boris Chertok continues his fascinating narrative on the early history of the Soviet space program, from 1961 to 1967.

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...es and index. 1. Chertok, B. E. (Boris Evseevich), 1912– 2. Astronautics—Soviet Union—Biography. 3. Aerospace engineers—Soviet Union—Biography. 4.... ...iography. 3. Aerospace engineers—Soviet Union—Biography. 4. Astronautics—Soviet Union—History.I. Siddiqi, Asif A., 1966– II. Title. III. Series. ... ...ow. Thirty yearslater, he was one of the senior designers in charge of the Soviet Union’s crowningachievement as a space power: the launch of Yuriy Ga... ...utnik and Gagarin, and continuing to the manysuccesses and failures of the Soviet space program, constitutes the core of hismemoirs, Rockets and Peopl... ...the present day, themissile and space efforts of the United States and the Soviet Union (and now,Russia) have been inextricably linked. As such, altho... ... Soviet individuals for significantachievements in the sciences, arts, and architecture. 285Rockets and... ... architect of Moscow from 1960to 1982 and contributed to a rennaissance in architecture in Moscow in the post-Stalinist era. ... ...gh national award given to important Soviet figures in science,technology, architecture, literature, and the arts. The prize was bestowed annually fro...

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...l in Moscow (1976). He worked as a steelworker and engineer at the Karaganda plant off and on from 1960 to 1977. He joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) in 1962 and rose through the ranks, becoming a full member of the Kazakhstan Politburo in 1979, chairman of the Kazakh Council of Ministers (1984–89), first secretary of the Kazakhstan party (1989–91), and...

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...n the fifteenthcentury, through Russian domination and conquest, to Soviet oppression, thehistory of the Kazakh people had not embraced many ... ...s needed. But the announcement that Kazakhstanwill become the first former Soviet republic to chair the Organisation for Securityand Co-operation in E... ...death throes thatthe world’s largest state, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, wasexperiencing. Paralysed by economi... ... Starting with the April Plenum of the Central Committee of the SovietUnion’s Communist Party in 1985, which marked the start of ... ...ty in 1985, which marked the start of ‘perestroika’, anduntil the Soviet Union’s final disintegration, the country kept trying to make senseo... ...ectural integrity. A lot can certainly be said about Astana’s architecture, and even moreabout what is still planned. Our capital is, ...

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...Much has been written in the West on the history of the Soviet space program but few Westerners have read direct first-hand accounts of the men and women who were behind the many Russian accomplishments in exploring space. The memoirs of Academician Boris Chertok, translated from ...

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...tory and of the Soviet space program but few Westerners ... ... the founding figure of the Soviet space program, the mysterious “Chief ... ...ccesses and failures of the Soviet space program constitute the core of his ... ... after the end of World War II when the Soviets captured Naz... ... lects the great successes of the Soviet space program ... ...is in direct contact with living history, with genuine works of art and architecture. I understood that this was because I received a gr...

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...90 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399 Dr. Harold R. Winton 12 The Evolution of NATO Air Doctrine . . . . . . . . 443 Col Maris “Buster” McCrabb 13 Soviet Military Doctrine and Air Theory: Change through the Light of a Storm . . . . . . . 485 Lt Col Edward J. Felker 14 Ascendant Realms: Characteristics of Airpower and Space Power . . . . . . . . . . . . 529 Maj Bruc...

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... Doctrine . . . . . . . . 443 Col Maris “Buster” McCrabb 13 Soviet Military Doctrine and Air Theory: Change through the Light ... ...her hand, the fourmajor continental powers in interwar Europe—Italy, France,the Soviet Union, and Germany—were traditional land powers.Logically, they... ...ions, made theair arm almost an irrelevancy. One finds a different story in the Soviet Union. When theRussian Empire collapsed in 1917, the country’s ... ...my chief of staff, articulated the concept of“deep battle” that was to dominate Soviet military thinking forthe next several decades. Airpower played ... ...troops andsupplies. The predilection for tactical airpower was reinforcedby the Soviets’ close relationship between the wars with theGerman military, ... ...ical missilesystem (ATACMS) were particularly important components ofthe future architecture for deep battle. 101 This pièce derésistance of deep batt... ...imited supply of assets exists forspace forces. Additionally, the current space architecture ofpredominantly unmanned space assets efficiently linked ...

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...S OF EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT IN KYRGYZSTAN 5 2.1. Cultural Education of Nomadic Times 6 2.2. The Emergence and Development of Formal Education in pre-Soviet Kyrgyzstan 7 2.2.1. Ancient and Medieval Enlightenment 7 2.2.2. Religious Enlightenment in The Territory of Kyrgyzstan from the Second Half of the XIX Century to the XX 9 2.2.3. Usul-i-Jadid and Russian-Native Schoo...

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.............. 62.2. The Emergence and Development of Formal Education in pre-Soviet Kyrgyzstan ........... 72.2.1. Ancient and Medieval Enlightenment ..... ................................... 102.3. The Education System of the Kyrgyz Soviet Socialist Republic ...................................... 112.3.1. T... ...tan ........................................... 112.3.2. Advantages of the Soviet Education System ...................................................... ................................................. 142.3.3. Limitations of the Soviet Education System ...................................................... ... as an official state. On February 1, 1926, itbecame the Kyrgyz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. And the KyrgyzSoviet Socialist Republic was form... ... 11 13 -Architecture 1 3 ...

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...sting symbols of the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone: from the Cher­nobyl Nuclear Power Plant and the city of Pripyat, to individual monuments of the bygone Soviet era, like soda machines, payphones, and other items that give an idea of the life of a typical successful 1980s Soviet town....

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...Pripyat Pripyat, the ninth so-called atomograd in the Soviet Union, was founded on February 4, 1970. This satellite town of Chernobyl (#3) provided housing for station staff, and had a population 50,000; the average age was 26 years.Thus, Pripyat could claim the title of “younge...

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...lities Apartments Hairdressing Salon Ferris Wheel Pripyat Graffiti Bumper Cars Pripyat Mosaics Big Bucket Telephone Booths Sparkling Water Soviet Symbols Bear Sculpture Toys Kopachi Kindergarten Pine Cross Rassokha Buryakivka “Field of Miracles” Bus Cemetery ISU-152 IMR СRPV Mi-6 Helicopter Robots Fire Trucks Combine Cemetery Trolleybus “Inval...

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... Power Plant and the city of Pripyat, to individualmonuments of the bygone Soviet era, like soda machines,payphones, and other items that give an idea... ...and other items that give an idea of the life ofa typical successful 1980s Soviet town. CHERNOBYL ... ... 91 Uzh River17 Pripyat Firehouse 42 Soviet Symbols 67 St. Elijah Church ... ... young Pripyat Pripyat, the ninth so-called atomograd in the Soviet Union, was founded on February 4, 1970. This satellite town of Che... ... Child Care Facilities • 32 Soviet Symbols • 42 ... ... (#2) and Slavutych are the countless pines in the courtyards. But the architecture differs significantly. Sla- vutych is the last city built ... ...ice department was was created at the Museum of Folk Architecture and Household Tra- located at the school. But after 5 year...

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..., of the world. As one writer said, books are written about time and about oneself. This is a long look at America from the perspective of a Russian Soviet person. It is also the perspective of an Americanist on his own country. Every socially conscious person seeks his path for his homeland and his people. Due to the circumstances of life, the author sought it in the mo...

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... Earth". The Portsmouth people simply,without diplomacy, want to prove to the Soviet family from Moscow how theidea of good peaceful relations with th... ...ion. Back in September, the Portsmouth Chamber of Commercedecided to invite a Soviet family over for Christmas. Ronald McCowan, thelawyer who became t... ...ect O'Neil Ford, whom we metthere, is fighting the callousness of "functional architecture," defending - 18with ... ... and Texas wildness are mostconcentrated in Dallas. Alas, Dallas is closed to Soviet citizens. Only sevenmiles away, from the airfield, did we see the... ...horrors, murders, results of horse races at theracetrack, with screaming anti-Sovietism, speaking in semi-blatan jargon.The New York Times has a circu... ...money on Travel Companion products than on Leo Tolstoy,more money on the anti-Soviet film "From Russia with Love" than on theexcellent, anti-racist fi...

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...n exam covers a broad range of domain knowledge. The exam objectives cover the following subject matter: • Attacks, Threats, and Vulnerabilities • Architecture and Design • Implementation • Operations and Incident Response • Governance, Risk, and Compliance This book will provide potentially useful definition of various subjects covered by the exam objectives. ...

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.............................................................. 9 Chapter Two: Architecture and Design ...................................................... ...wing subject matter: • Attacks, Threats, and Vulnerabilities • Architecture and Design • Implementation • Operations and Incid... ...curity Plus Exam Objectives Subject Matter Volume 1 Chapter Two: Architecture and DesignData Loss Prevention SoftwareData loss prevention so... ...nformation, and by the use of thin clients that operate in a client-server architecture with nopersonal or sensitive data stored on a client device. ... ...tion. Some of theavailable SQL database firewalls provide/support honeypot architectures so that the intruder runsagainst a trap database while the we... ...h Kitov proposed to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union a detailed plan for the re-organisation of the control of the ... ... 28Security Plus Exam Objectives Subject Matter Volume 1 Soviet armed forces and of the Soviet economy on the basis of a network of ... ... Russia about therelocation of the Bronze Soldier of Tallinn, an elaborate Soviet-era grave marker, as well as wargraves in Tallinn.[31][32] The attac...

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...amework of containment. And thecentral dimension of containment was the US-Soviet strategicrelationship. Thus, implementation of US national security ... ...f the continuous framework ofcontainment and its central dimension, the US-Soviet/Russianstrategic relationship. But it is also very much the story of... ... xiimore cooperative and more confrontational emphases in theUS-Soviet/Russian strategic relationship, often with the USAFcaught squarely i... ...lsecurity strategy or strategies selected to implement contain-ment of the Soviet Union/Russian strategic power across thatperiod, the implementing nu... ...ionof confidence and technology that would propel it to the forefrontof US-Soviet relations. This was the necessary and importantfoundational period f... ...ussion of amendments to the ABMTreaty that would allow for more robust NMD architectures.”In exchange, in what he called a “grand bargain,” the Russia...

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...includes space-based MTI concepts in its plan for 2020. These plans are a good start but do not address several important issues, including satellite architecture, whether satellite MTI systems should completely replace airborne systems, who should be responsible for the system, and how battle managers will operate in the new system....

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...and contr ol system, or A WACS, first appear ed in 1962, inresponse to the incr eased Soviet emphasis on their bomber fleet.Unfortunately, ... ... at 30feet) fr om Cuba to Florida and two flights of Tu-95 bombers flew fr omCuba to the Soviet Union, r evealing that their unr efueled ra... ... best for communications satellites in the UnitedStates, they were not as useful for the for mer Soviet Union. Much of thatlarge country was too far n... ... to be serviced by satellites orbiting theequator. In or der to over come that pr oblem, the Soviets developed aninclined, highly eccentric, semis... ... about 600 miles and apogee in the Northern Hemisphereat an altitude of about 24,440 miles.4 The Soviets placed several satellitesin the same orbit, t... ...a few minutes. 22 These limitations must be consider ed whendeveloping a space-based MTI architecture, because surveillance systemsrequire uni... ...Moving Target Indicator Roadmap.” 11 This document describes the needfor an SBMTI system, system architecture and implementation strategies,and implem... ...se (Space). Its mission is to “consolidate the responsibilities for DODspace missions and system architecture development into a single organ­ization ... ... V anAllen radiation belts, computers will r equire radiation har dening.Computer architectures for space-hardened processors are diffe...

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...and the Modern WWMCCS Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 9 The WWMCCS Architect and Architecture 163 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182 10 WWMCCS Intercomputer Network . . . . .185 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196 11 The Carter Administration and the Evolutionary ...

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... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1599 The WWMCCS Architect and Architecture . . . . . 163 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . ... ...iChapter Page13 Conception of WWMCCS System Architecture, Given Revised DODD 5100.30 . . . . . . . . . . 2... ...it an examination of the (hypothesized) interactivitybetween the American and Soviet command and control sys -tems under conditions of crisis or war. ... ...tely to the unique exigencies of a broadrange of crises—up to and including a Soviet nuclear firststrike. As this new brand of strategic thinking bega... ...work and received considerable impetusto its efforts in August 1961, when the Soviets began theconstruction of the Berlin Wall. During the Berlin cris... ...t Germany tothe firing of nuclear warning bursts over unpopulated areas ofthe Soviet Union. With nuclear confrontation a distinct possi-bility, the ne... ...ired. And not without reason: for a few tensehours, the United States and the Soviet Union stood on thebrink of the nuclear precipice, the first and m... ...10 (July 1964): 26. 13. “For DCA,” 76. 14. Irving Luckom, “Overview of WWMCCS Architecture,” Signal 3 0(August 1976): 62. 1 5 . C l i f t o n L . N i ... ...y was designed for batch process-ing. Because of this oversight, the hardware architecture—amilitary version of Honeywell’s General Comprehensive Oper...

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...s he directed aspectrum of NRO acquisition programs, ranging from ground control architectures tothe satellites themselves. Major Ziegler is a graduat... ...eapons rested not with their ineffectiveness—they were well-suited forstopping a Soviet offensive while preserving Europe’s infrastructure—butrather w... ... sanctuary exists, othernations may disagree. Consider that starting in 1981 the Soviets strenuouslyobjected to the American space shuttle as an ASAT ... ...n conventional forces.United States policy makers never deliberately allowed the Soviets to achievefavorable asymmetries in major weapon systems excep... ...um. Despite the pressure for relative military parity, if not USsuperiority, the Soviets finished the cold war with an operational ASAT whilethe Unite... ... States possessed none. Significantly, this asymmetry cannot betraced to greater Soviet technological prowess. Instead, its roots lie withAmerican res... ...ion, and inadvertent escalation.”55 The vulnerability of the expensive SDI space architecture to ASATs wasalso recognized early in its development. Th... ... energy; space mines; and fragment clouds.”56 The technologistsdesigning the SDI architecture would echo the same thoughts in subsequentyears. Accordi... ...er missile defense (TMD) at the expense of a more global nationalmissile defense architecture.3 Reflecting a stricter adherence to traditionalinterpre...

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...le field of operations.”Unfortunately, also by the end of 1958, organizational architecture, national leg­islation, and national policy were in place ... ... Chapter 1 Introduction On 4 October 1957, the Soviet Union launched the world’s first man-made satellite into orbit a... ...ll remove a greatdanger from us.”2 If it was not yet known in America that the Soviet Union was reenergizingits atomic weapons program, it was certain... ...am, it was certainly evident that the postwarpeace would be a tenuous one. The Soviets had maneuvered at Potsdamto secure a power base in Eastern Euro... ...ved in the West as a declaration of ideo­logical war on capitalism.3 Soon, the Soviets were sponsoring communistuprisings in Iran and Greece. Across t... ...ng into its new role as the Free World’sleader with a wary eye on the emerging Soviet threat. But the nation’sfocus was also drawn inward toward disma... ...gy James R. Killian asking him to direct the as­sessment of America’s security architecture. Killian assembled 50 of the nation’s leading military, in... ...ief of staff Twining in the oval office to craft therudimentary organizational architecture for the first national strategic re­connaissance program.3... ...tional security and other goals.”1 The policy, legislation, and organizational architectures that curtailedthe Air Force’s aerospace concept 40 years ...

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...1970-83 . . . . . . . 333 EarlyMilitary Analysis of the Soviet Missile Threat . . . . . . . . . . . 33... ...s for Realistic Deterrence . . . . . . . . 476 Response to the Soviet/Warsaw Pact Threat . . . . . . . . . . .... ...nistration is going to permit this gap to increase."15 The gnawing apprehension that the Soviet Union enjoyed a substantial margin of superiority in m... ...missiles with hydrogen warheads on the assembly line. 16 Appearing before the Supreme Soviet in January 1960, Khrushchev asked for and received aut... ...1960, Khrushchev asked for and received authority to reduce the manpower strength of the Soviet armed forces from 3,623,000 to 2,423,000 by the autumn... ...ecommendation of the Air Force/Army Reconnaissance ForceStudy reflected a need for recce architecture conversant with the hostile threat toNATO and th... ... forces through a predetermined level of conflict.11sIn the Air Force's space systems architecture satellite survivability was a majorconsideration...

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... of research aimed at automating the processing of large and cumbersome amounts of information and simplifying users' access to them. The information architecture focuses on the principles of design and architecture in the digital landscape based on a model or concept of information being used in intelligence analysis activities. Information management involves collecting ...

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...nd cumbersome amounts of information andsimplifying users' access to them. The information architecture focuses on the principles of designand archite... ...n the US againstthe Japanese espionage program during the war. During the Cold War, the Soviet Union was particularly successful in introducing spi... ..., also hadsome important successes. The focus on the intentions and capabilities of the Soviet Union has dominated thinking inWestern intelligence ... ...intelligence communities. In analyzing information in the 1950s, Walter Laqueur arguesthat Soviet military capabilities and intentions remain the most... ...This involves determining information requirements, developing an adequate intelligence architecture, preparing a collection plan, issuing order... ...nd prioritization of information requirements; 2. Development of an adequate intelligence architecture; 3. Preparing a gathering plan; and 4. Issui... ...evenue. The technical advances of massive parallel processing offered by the "big data" architecturehave allowed the creation of multiple platforms... ...ecycle. (Barnea 2009) Business intelligence (BI) is "a set of methodologies, processes, architectures, andtechnologies that transform raw data into... ...kshop. http://www.huitfeldt.com/repository/ITW06.pdf.Shelley, Louise I. 1990. “Policing Soviet Society: The Evolution of State Control.” Law & Soci...

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...h western Russialed to defeat at Stalingrad. Learning from Wehrmacht mis -takes, Soviet commanders emphasized the necessity of iso -lating and encircl... ...rprise could notbe employed to achieve an immediate, overwhelming vic -tory. The Soviets also emphasized the use of “assault de -tachments” composed o... ...unit level produced victory from Stal -ingrad to Berlin at an incredible cost in Soviet lives andresources. Just over 50 years later in Chechnya, it a... ...ortie against the Red fortress [Stalingrad]. The section of the city held by the Soviets borders immediately on the west bank of the Volga, and every ... ...icant as Rudel’s experience with providing CASin Stalingrad were the tactics the Soviets employed tocounter the Stuka pilots. The Soviets implemented ... ...ar real time inan iterative fashion that connects and controls sensor-to-shooter architectures and facilitates the effective, efficientemployment of j... ...r-breathing, and land-based airpower assets integrated intoa mutually supporting architecture. This system will paintan accurate picture of the urban ...