These risk phrases are used internationally, not just in Europe, and there is an ongoing effort towards complete international harmonization.
Missing R-numbers indicate phrases that have been deleted or replaced by other phrases.
Code
|
Phrase
|
R1
|
Explosive when dry
|
R2
|
Risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition
|
R3
|
Extreme risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition
|
R4
|
Forms very sensitive explosive metallic compounds
|
R5
|
Heating may cause an explosion
|
R6
|
Explosive with or without contact with air
|
R7
|
May cause fire
|
R8
|
Contact with combustible material may cause fire
|
R9
|
Explosive when mixed with combustible material
|
R10
|
Flammable
|
R11
|
Highly flammable
|
R12
|
Extremely flammable
|
R14
|
Reacts violently with water
|
R15
|
Contact with water liberates extremely flammable gases
|
R16
|
Explosive when mixed with oxidising substances
|
R17
|
Spontaneously flammable in air
|
R18
|
In use, may form flammable/explosive vapour-air mixture
|
R19
|
May form explosive peroxides
|
R20
|
Harmful by inhalation
|
R21
|
Harmful in contact with skin
|
R22
|
Harmful if swallowed
|
R23
|
Toxic by inhalation
|
R24
|
Toxic in contact with skin
|
R25
|
Toxic if swallowed
|
R26
|
Very toxic by inhalation
|
R27
|
Very toxic in contact with skin
|
R28
|
Very toxic if swallowed
|
R29
|
Contact with water liberates toxic gas.
|
R30
|
Can become highly flammable in use
|
R31
|
Contact with acids liberates toxic gas
|
R32
|
Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas
|
R33
|
Danger of cumulative effects
|
R34
|
Causes burns
|
R35
|
Causes severe burns
|
R36
|
Irritating to eyes
|
R37
|
Irritating to respiratory system
|
R38
|
Irritating to skin
|
R39
|
Danger of very serious irreversible effects
|
R40
|
Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect
|
R41
|
Risk of serious damage to eyes
|
R42
|
May cause sensitisation by inhalation
|
R43
|
May cause sensitisation by skin contact
|
R44
|
Risk of explosion if heated under confinement
|
R45
|
May cause cancer
|
R46
|
May cause inheritable genetic damage
|
R48
|
Danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure
|
R49
|
May cause cancer by inhalation
|
R50
|
Very toxic to aquatic organisms
|
R51
|
Toxic to aquatic organisms
|
R52
|
Harmful to aquatic organisms
|
R53
|
May cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment
|
R54
|
Toxic to flora
|
R55
|
Toxic to fauna
|
R56
|
Toxic to soil organisms
|
R57
|
Toxic to bees
|
R58
|
May cause long-term adverse effects in the environment
|
R59
|
Dangerous for the ozone layer
|
R60
|
May impair fertility
|
R61
|
May cause harm to the unborn child
|
R62
|
Possible risk of impaired fertility
|
R63
|
Possible risk of harm to the unborn child
|
R64
|
May cause harm to breast-fed babies
|
R65
|
Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed
|
R66
|
Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking
|
R67
|
Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness
|
R68
|
Possible risk of irreversible effects
|
Code Combination
|
Statement
|
R14/15
|
Reacts violently with water, liberating extremely flammable gases
|
R15/29
|
Contact with water liberates toxic, extremely flammable gases
|
R14/15/29
|
Reacts violently with water, liberating toxic, extremely flammable gases
|
R20/21
|
Harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin
|
R20/22
|
Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed
|
R20/21/22
|
Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed
|
R21/22
|
Harmful in contact with skin and if swallowed
|
R23/24
|
Toxic by inhalation and in contact with skin
|
R23/25
|
Toxic by inhalation and if swallowed
|
R23/24/25
|
Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed
|
R24/25
|
Toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed
|
R26/27
|
Very toxic by inhalation and in contact with skin
|
R26/28
|
Very toxic by inhalation and if swallowed
|
R26/27/28
|
Very toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed
|
R27/28
|
Very toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed
|
R36/37
|
Irritating to eyes and respiratory system
|
R36/38
|
Irritating to eyes and skin
|
R36/37/38
|
Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin
|
R37/38
|
Irritating to respiratory system and skin
|
R39/23
|
Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation
|
R39/24
|
Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin
|
R39/25
|
Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects if swallowed
|
R39/23/24
|
Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin
|
R39/23/25
|
Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed
|
R39/24/25
|
Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed
|
R39/23/24/25
|
Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed
|
R39/26
|
Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation
|
R39/27
|
Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin
|
R39/28
|
Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects if swallowed
|
R39/26/27
|
Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin
|
R39/26/28
|
Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed
|
R39/27/28
|
Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed
|
R39/26/27/28
|
Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed
|
R42/43
|
May cause sensitization by inhalation and skin contact
|
R45/46
|
May cause cancer and heritable genetic damage
|
R48/20
|
Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation
|
R48/21
|
Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin
|
R48/22
|
Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed
|
R48/20/21
|
Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and in contact with skin
|
R48/20/22
|
Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and if swallowed
|
R48/21/22
|
Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin and if swallowed
|
R48/20/21/22
|
Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed
|
R48/23
|
Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation
|
R48/24
|
Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin
|
R48/25
|
Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed
|
R48/23/24
|
Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and in contact with skin
|
R48/23/25
|
Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and if swallowed
|
R48/24/25
|
Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin and if swallowed
|
R48/23/24/25
|
Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed
|
R50/53
|
Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment
|
R51/53
|
Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment
|
R52/53
|
Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment
|
R68/20
|
Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation
|
R68/21
|
Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects in contact with skin
|
R68/22
|
Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects if swallowed
|
R68/20/21
|
Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin
|
R68/20/22
|
Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed
|
R68/21/22
|
Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed
|
R68/20/21/22
|
Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed
|
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