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Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen (Hildburghausen, 29 April 1763 – Jagdhaus Hummelshain, Altenburg, 29 September 1834), was duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen (1780–1826) and duke of Saxe-Altenburg (1826–1834).
He was the youngest child, but only son, of Ernst Frederick III, Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen, by his third wife, Ernestine of Saxe-Weimar.
Frederick succeeded his father Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen in 1780, when only seventeen years old; because of this, his great-great-uncle, the prince Joseph of Saxe-Hildburghausen, assumed the regency on his behalf, this regency only ended in 1787 at the death of Prince Joseph.
Until 1806 he was subject to the restrictions of the imperial debit commission, which had placed the duchy of Saxe-Hildburghausen under official administration, because of his predecessors' dissolute financial policy. In 1806 Frederick joined the Confederation of the Rhine, and in 1815 the German Confederation, under whose guarantee he gave 1818 the duchy a new basic condition.
In Duchess Charlotte Georgine of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. They had twelve children:
Frederick was considered popular and intelligent. During his reign, along with his beautiful wife, Charlotte, cultural life in the small town reached its zenith. So many poets and artists spent their time there that Hildburghausen was nicknamed "Klein-Weimar" (Little Weimar). When the last duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg died without issue in 1825, the other branches of the house decided on a rearrangement of the Ernestine duchies. On 12 November 1826, Frederick became Duke of Saxe-Altenburg, to which he gave a first Basic Law in the year 1831; in exchange, he ceded Saxe-Hildburghausen to the Duke of Saxe-Meiningen.
Germany, Leipzig, Erfurt, Gera, Dresden
Ernestine duchies, Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Holy Roman Empire, Confederation of the Rhine, States of the German Confederation
Martin Luther, Book of Concord, Lutheranism, Christianity, Philippists
Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg, Altenburg, Lutheranism, France, Napoleonic Wars
Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen, Caroline of Erbach-Fürstenau, Saxe-Hildburghausen, Ernst Frederick II, Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen, Copenhagen
Biebrich Palace, Saxe-Hildburghausen, German language, House of Nassau-Weilburg, Nassau (state)
Kingdom of Bavaria, Munich, Lutheranism, Marie of Prussia, House of Wittelsbach
Holy Roman Empire, Russian Orthodox Church, Bamberg, Kingdom of Bavaria, German Confederation
Russian Empire, Beijing, Saint Petersburg, Grand Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich of Russia, Princess Elisabeth of Saxe-Altenburg (1865–1927)
House of Hohenzollern, North Rhine-Westphalia, Eduard, Duke of Anhalt, Princess Louise Charlotte of Saxe-Altenburg, Ballenstedt