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Holly Springs is a city in and county seat of Marshall County, Mississippi, United States near southern Tennessee.
Near the Mississippi Delta, the area was developed as cotton plantations and dependent on African slaves. Since the 19th century, the county has had a majority-black population. After the American Civil War, many freedmen continued to work in agriculture but as sharecroppers and tenant farmers. As the county seat, the city is a center of trade and court sessions. The population was 7,957 at the 2000 census. A slight decrease in population was calculated in the 2010 census.[1]
Holly Springs was founded by European Americans in 1836, on territory historically occupied by
The now defunct Mississippi Industrial College, intended as a vocational training school, was located in Holly Springs, as was the Holly Springs Female Institute.
Rust College was established in 1866 by the Freedman's Aid Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church to serve freedmen and is a historically black college.
The City of Holly Springs is served by the Holly Springs School District.
The median income for a household in the city was $23,408, and the median income for a family was $25,808. Males had a median income of $29,159 versus $20,777 for females. The per capita income for the city was $12,924. About 27.5% of families and 32.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 44.6% of those under age 18 and 21.2% of those age 65 or over.
In the city the population was spread out with 25.1% under the age of 18, 19.1% from 18 to 24, 27.6% from 25 to 44, 17.2% from 45 to 64, and 11.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 29 years. For every 100 females there were 101.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.6 males.
There were 2,407 households out of which 36.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 34.3% were married couples living together, 31.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.4% were non-families. 27.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.66 and the average family size was 3.22.
As of the census[13] of 2000, there were 7,957 people, 2,407 households, and 1,699 families residing in the city. The population density was 626.3 people per square mile (241.9/km²). There were 2,582 housing units at an average density of 203.2 per square mile (78.5/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 22.81% White, 76.18% African American, 0.06% Native American, 0.16% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.06% from other races, and 0.69% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.59% of the population.
As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 7,699 people residing in the city. This is a minority-majority city, as 79.2% of the residents were African American, 19.3% White, 0.2% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 0.6% from some other race and 0.5% from two or more races. 1.2% were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Holly Springs has a humid subtropical climate, in common with the vast majority of the South.[10]
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 12.7 square miles (33 km2), of which 12.7 square miles (33 km2) is land and 0.04 square miles (0.10 km2) (0.16%) is water.
Slavery was replaced by share-cropping in the post-bellum era, with many freedmen choosing to work for their former owners.[3] However, it died down after the invasion of boll weevils in the 1920s and 1930s.[3] It was replaced by light industry.[3] After World War II, most industries moved to Memphis, Tennessee and Birmingham, Alabama.[3]
In 1878, the city suffered a yellow fever epidemic.[3] 1,400 residents became ill and 300 died.[3] The existing Marshall County Courthouse, at the center of Holly Springs' square, was used as a hospital during the epidemic.[2]
During the American Civil War, the town was used by General Ulysses S. Grant as a supply depot and headquarters.[3] Confederate Earl Van Dorn led a raid of the area in December 1862, destroying most of the Union supplies at the Confederate Armory Site.[3]
By 1855 Holly Springs was connected to Grand Junction, Tennessee by the advancing Mississippi Central Railway.[9] In ensuing years, the line was completed to the south of Hill Springs. Toward the end of the century, the Kansas City, Memphis and Birmingham Railroad was constructed to intersect this line in Holly Springs.
The area was developed into extensive cotton Southern plantations, with African slaves working in the fields.[3] The settlement served as a trading center for the neighboring cotton plantations. In 1837, it was made seat of the newly created Marshall County,[3] named for John Marshall, the United States Supreme Court justice. The town developed a variety of merchants and businesses to support the plantations, and its population into the early twentieth century included a community of Jewish merchants, whose ancestors were immigrants from eastern Europe.[8] Even though the cotton industry suffered in the crisis of 1840, it soon recovered.[3]
[7][6], also known as the University of Holly Springs, the oldest university in Mississippi.Chalmers Institute It was also home to the [5], built on land given to the city by William S. Randolph, an early settler, in 1837.Hillcrest Cemetery It was home to the [3] By 1837, the town already had "twenty dry good stores, two drugstores, three banks, several hotels, and over ten saloons."[4] and six physicians by 1838.[3] A year later, in 1837, records show that forty residents were lawyers,[3] In its founding year of 1836, there were 4,000 European residents.[4]
Alabama, Louisiana, Arkansas, Biloxi, Mississippi, Natchez, Mississippi
Mississippi, Holly Springs, Mississippi, Tate County, Mississippi, DeSoto County, Mississippi, Fayette County, Tennessee
Confederate States of America, Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant, United States, Republican Party (United States)
Baseball, Nashville, Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee, Mississippi, Arkansas
New York City, United States, American Civil War, Hawaii, Western United States
Jackson, Mississippi, Meridian, Mississippi, Greenville, Mississippi, Natchez, Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi
Marshall County, Mississippi, Holly Springs, Mississippi, U.S. Route 72 in Mississippi, Google, Mississippi Highway 7
Tishomingo County, Mississippi, Tunica County, Mississippi, Tate County, Mississippi, Marshall County, Mississippi, Benton County, Mississippi
Benton County, Mississippi, Humphreys County, Mississippi, Leflore County, Mississippi, Grenada County, Mississippi, Yalobusha County, Mississippi