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Liaoyuan (simplified Chinese: 辽源; traditional Chinese: 遼源; pinyin: Liáoyuán) is a prefecture-level city in the west of Jilin province, People's Republic of China, bounded on the west by Liaoning. Liaoyuan lies some 100 km (62 mi) southeast of Changchun, the provincial capital. Covering an area of 5,125 km2 (1,979 sq mi), Liaoyuan is the smallest among the prefecture-level divisions of Jilin. Liaoyuan has a toal population of 1,176,645, while the built up area has a population of 462,233.[1]
Liaoyuan was an imperial hunting ground during the Qing Dynasty, going by the name Shengjing Paddock (盛京圍場). In 1902, Qing government established Xian County (西安縣) in this region, which became today's Xi'an District (Sian on one 1945 map). However, this name is a duplicate of the much larger Xi'an in Shaanxi. It was renamed Liaoyuan in 1952, since Eastern Liao River originates in this region. From 1949 to 1954 it was part of Liaodong Province. After 1954, Liaoyuan was put under Siping Prefecture's jurisdiction. Liaoyuan became a prefecture-level in 1983, administerring two districts and two counties.
Liaoyuan has a temperate semi-humid monsoon climate. The average annual sunshine totals 2,580 hours., while the average annual precipitation reaches 750 mm. The average temperature is 4.5 °C. Liaoyuan is replete with water resources. There are 56 rivers and streams running through the city, including tributes of Liao River and Songhua River. In addition, Liaoyuan is also rich in timber and mineral resources. Mineral resources such as limestone, marble, coal, silica, and wollastonite are abundant. Forests cover 42% of the city's lands.
Coal mining used to contribute an important part to the local economy. Coal has been excavated almost for 100 years in Liaoyuan. During Japanese occupation from 1931 to 1945, Liaoyuan was the second largest coal-mining center of Manchukuo, preceded only by Fushun. This city continued to produce approximately 3 million tons of coal every year till the mid 1990s, when the exhaustion of coal resource brought the economy of this city to a standstill. Fortunately, the city succeeded in transforming its economic structure from a mining oriented one to a light manufacturing oriented one. At present, the city is the largest cotton-sock manufacturing center in China. Furthermore, the aluminum shell of Apple Macbook Pro is also manufactured in this city. Liaoyuan has a GDP of RMB 50 billion in 2011, rising 15.6% year on year.[2]
The Changchun-Yingchengzi Expressway and the Siping-Meihekou Railway run through the city. Changchun Airport is within one and a half-hour's drive from Liaoyuan.
Guandong deer meat is one of the popular dishes among local people since Liaoyuan has a long history of raising deer.
On December 16, 2005, a fire in Liaoyuan Central Hospital killed at least 39 people, 33 of whom were patients. The cause of the fire was wire-aging, as reported by local media.(BBC)
Jilin, Harbin, Hubei, Henan, Pinyin
Jilin, Changchun, Beijing, Liaoyuan, Pinyin
Jilin, Changchun, Liaoyuan, Pinyin, Prefecture-level city
Jilin, Changchun, Liaoyuan, Pinyin, China
Jilin, Changchun, Chinese language, County-level city, Tonghua