United States House of Representatives elections, 1836

July 4, 1836 - November 7, 1837

All 242 seats to the United States House of Representatives 122 seats were needed for a majority

	Majority party	Minority party

Leader	James K. Polk	John Bell
Party	Democratic	Whig
Leader's seat	Tennessee-9th	Tennessee-7th
Last election	143 seats	76 seats
Seats won	127	102
Seat change	16	26

	Third party	Fourth party

Leader	Thomas Henry	John K. Griffin
Party	Anti-Masonic	Nullifier
Leader's seat	Pennsylvania-22nd	South Carolina-9th
Last election	16 seats	7 seats
Seats won	7	6
Seat change	9	1

Speaker before election

James K. Polk
Democratic

Elected Speaker

James K. Polk
Democratic

Elections to the United States House of Representatives for the 25th Congress were held in 1836 and 1837.

Although Democrat Martin Van Buren was elected president, the Democrats continued to lose seats in the House. The Whigs played off the unpopularity of Jackson's refusal to compromise with Congress or cooperate with the Supreme Court, as well as the continuing decline of the single-issue Anti-Masonic (based on the distrust of Freemasonry) and Nullifier (based on the principle of states' rights) parties. Despite Whig gains, the Democrats held on to a majority.

1 Election summaries
2 House composition
- 2.1 End of the previous Congress
- 2.2 Beginning of the next Congress
3 Complete returns
- 3.1 Pennsylvania
4 See also
5 External links
6 References

Election summaries

↓
127	6	7	102
Democratic	N	AM	Whig

State	Type	Date	Total seats	Democratic^[1]		Whig^[2]		Anti-Masonic		Nullifier
State	Type	Date	Total seats	Seats	Change	Seats	Change	Seats	Change	Seats	Change
Delaware	At-large	November 8, 1836	1	0		1		0		0
Georgia	At-large	October 3, 1836	9	8	1	1	1	0		0
Illinois	District (3)	August 1, 1836	3	3		0		0		0
Louisiana	District (3)	July 4–6, 1836	3	1		2		0		0
Maine	District (8)	September 12, 1836	8	6		2		0		0
Massachusetts	District (12)	November 14, 1836	12	2	1	10	2	0	3	0
Missouri	At-large	August 1, 1836	2	2	1	0	1	0		0
New Jersey	At-large	November 16, 1836	6	0	6	6	6	0		0
New York	District (33^[3])	November 7–9, 1836	40	30	1	10	1	0		0
Ohio	District (19)	October 11, 1836	19	8	1	11	2	0	1	0
Pennsylvania	District (25^[4])	October 11, 1836	28	17		4	1	7	1	0
South Carolina	District (9)	October 10–11, 1836	9	2	1	1	1	0		6
Vermont	District (5)	September 6, 1836	5	1	1	4	1	0	2	0
1837 elections
Alabama	District (5)	August 8, 1837	5	3		2	1	0		0	1
Arkansas	At-large	October 2, 1837	1	1		0		0		0
Connecticut	District^[5] (6)	April 3, 1837	6	6		0		0		0
Indiana	District (7)	August 7, 1837	7	1	5	6	5	0		0
Kentucky	District (13)	August 7, 1837	13	1	3	12	3	0		0
Maryland	District (7^[6])	July 26, 1837	8	4		4		0		0
Michigan	At-large	August 22, 1837	1	1		0		0		0
Mississippi	At-large	July 17–18, 1837^[7] November 6–7, 1837^[8]	2	2^[9]	1	0^[10]	1	0		0
New Hampshire	At-large	March 14, 1837	5	5		0		0		0
North Carolina	District (13)	August 10, 1837	13	5	2	8	2	0		0
Rhode Island	At-large	August 29, 1837	2	0		2	2	0	2	0
Tennessee	District (13)	August 3, 1837	13	3	1	10	1	0		0
Virginia	District (21)	April 27, 1837	21	15	1	6	1	0		0
Total			242	127 52.5%	16	102 42.1%	26	7 2.9%	9	6 2.5%	1

House seats

Democratic			52.48%
Whig			42.15%
Anti-Masonic			2.89%
Nullifier			2.48%

The 1st session of the 25th Congress began on September 4, 1837, before Arkansas' and Mississippi's Congressional elections. In Mississippi, the governor issued writs for a special election for July 17–18. Initially, the Elections Committee accepted the winners of that election, John F. H. Claiborne (D) and Samuel J. Gholson (D) as holding their seats for the entirety of the 25th Congress. However, the regular November election was also held, and elected Sergeant S. Prentiss (W) and Thomas J. Word (W), and on February 5, 1838, the earlier decision was rescinded, and the winners of the November election were seated in the place of the July winners.

House composition

End of the previous Congress

AM	AM	AM	AM	AM	AM	AM	AM	AM	AM	AM	AM	AM	AM	J	J	J	J	J	J
J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J
J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J
J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J
J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J
J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J
J	J
J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J
AJ	V	N	N	N	N	N	N	N	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J	J
AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ
AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ
AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ
AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ	AJ

Beginning of the next Congress

AM	AM	AM	AM	AM	AM	AM	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D
D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D
D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D
D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D
D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D
D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D
D	D
D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	N	N	N	N	N	N	W
W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W
W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W
W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W
W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W
W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W	W

Key:

AJ	= Anti-Jacksonian
AM	= Anti-Masonic
D	= Democratic
J	= Jacksonian
N	= Nullifier
W	= Whig
V	= Vacant

Complete returns

Pennsylvania

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates^[11]^[12]
Pennsylvania 1	Joel B. Sutherland	Jacksonian	1826	Lost re-election Democratic hold	Lemuel Paynter (D) 55.3% Joel B. Sutherland (W^[13]) 44.7%
Pennsylvania 2 Plural district with 2 seats	Joseph R. Ingersoll	Anti-Jacksonian	1834	Retired Whig hold	John Sergeant (W) 63.1% George W. Toland (W) 63.0% Read Longstreth (D) 37.7% John M. Morris (D) 36.3%
Pennsylvania 2 Plural district with 2 seats	James Harper	Anti-Jacksonian	1832	Retired Whig hold
Pennsylvania 3	Michael W. Ash	Jacksonian	1834	Retired Democratic hold	Francis J. Harper (D) 50.5% Charles Naylor^[14] (W) 49.5%
Pennsylvania 4 Plural district with 3 seats	William Hiester	Anti-Masonic	1830	Retired Anti-Masonic hold	David Potts, Jr. (AM^[15]) 53.8% Edward Darlington (AM^[15]) 53.6% Edward Davies (AM^[15]) 53.6% Samuel Leiper (D) 46.4% John K. Findley (D) 46.3% John W. Cunningham (D) 46.3%
	Edward Darlington	Anti-Masonic	1832	Re-elected
	David Potts, Jr.	Anti-Masonic	1830	Re-elected
Pennsylvania 5	Jacob Fry, Jr.	Jacksonian	1834	Re-elected	Jacob Fry, Jr. (D) 61.9% Daniel M. Mulvaney (W) 38.1%
Pennsylvania 6	Mathias Morris	Anti-Jacksonian	1834	Re-elected	Mathias Morris (W) 51.4% John Rockman (D) 48.6%
Pennsylvania 7	David D. Wagener	Jacksonian	1832	Re-elected	David D. Wagener (D) 73.7% Jacob Weygandt (W) 26.3%
Pennsylvania 8	Edward B. Hubley	Jacksonian	1834	Re-elected	Edward B. Hubley (D) 54.2% William Audenried (AM) 45.8%
Pennsylvania 9	Henry A. P. Muhlenberg	Jacksonian	1828	Re-elected	Henry A. P. Muhlenberg (D) 57.5% Henry W. Smith (W) 42.5%
Pennsylvania 10	William Clark	Anti-Masonic	1832	Retired Democratic gain	Luther Reily (D) 50.8% George W. Harris (W) 49.2%
Pennsylvania 11	Henry Logan	Jacksonian	1834	Re-elected	Henry Logan (D) 58.2% Jacob Kirk (W) 41.8%
Pennsylvania 12	George Chambers	Anti-Masonic	1832	Retired Democratic gain	Daniel Sheffer (D) 50.5% G. James McSherry (AM) 49.5%
Pennsylvania 13	Jesse Miller	Jacksonian	1832	Retired Democratic hold	Charles McClure (D) 57.5% William Sharon (W) 42.5%
Pennsylvania 14	Joseph Henderson	Jacksonian	1832	Retired Democratic hold	William W. Potter (D) 59.6% John Williamson (AM) 38.2% John Ashman (AM) 2.2%
Pennsylvania 15	Andrew Beaumont	Jacksonian	1832	Retired Democratic hold	David Petrikin (D) 52.1% John McReynolds (W) 47.9%
Pennsylvania 16	Joseph B. Anthony	Jacksonian	1832	Retired Democratic hold	Robert H. Hammond (D) 59.1% Ebenezer Greenough (A) 40.9%
Pennsylvania 17	John Laporte	Jacksonian	1832	Retired Democratic hold	Samuel W. Morris (D) 60.2% William Jessup (W) 39.8%
Pennsylvania 18	Job Mann	Jacksonian	1832	Lost re-election Anti-Masonic gain	Charles Ogle (AM) 51.7% Job Mann (D) 48.3%
Pennsylvania 19	John Klingensmith, Jr.	Jacksonian	1832	Re-elected	John Klingensmith, Jr. (D) 58.0% James Moorhead (W) 42.0%
Pennsylvania 20	Andrew Buchanan	Jacksonian	1832	Re-elected	Andrew Buchanan (D) 100%
Pennsylvania 21	Thomas M. T. McKennan	Anti-Masonic	1830	Re-elected	Thomas M. T. McKennan (AM) 52.2% Thomas Ringland (D) 47.8%
Pennsylvania 22	Harmar Denny	Anti-Masonic	1829 (special)	Retired Anti-Masonic hold	Richard Biddle (AM) 51.4% Trevanion B. Dallas (D) 48.6%
Pennsylvania 23	Samuel S. Harrison	Jacksonian	1832	Retired Democratic hold	William Beatty (D) 56.5% Joseph Buffington (W) 43.5%
Pennsylvania 24	Previous incumbent John Banks (AM) resigned April 2, 1836			Anti-Masonic hold	Thomas Henry (AM) 56.1% John R. Shannon (D) 43.9%
Pennsylvania 25	John Galbraith	Jacksonian	1832	Retired Democratic hold	Arnold Plumer (D) 54.4% David Dick (W) 45.6%

There were two George Keim (D)

External links

http://clerk.house.gov/histHigh/Congressional_History/index.html

References

^ Previously Jacksonian
^ Previously Anti-Jacksonian
^ Includes 5 plural districts
^ Includes 3 plural districts
^ Changed from at-large
^ Includes 1 plural district
^ Special election
^ Regular election
^ 0 after second election
^ 2 after second election
^ For plural districts, percent is based on assumption that each voter cast as many votes as there are seats
^ Wilkes University Elections Statistics Project
^ Changed parties
^ Won subsequent special election
^ ^a ^b ^c Joint Whig/Anti-Masonic ticket

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See also

United States House of Representatives elections, 1836