...anctity of Human Life" by Baruch A. Brody). One form of calculus is the utilitarian theory. It calls for the maximization of utility (life, happines... ...es. Despite strong philosophical objections to some of the premises of utilitarian theory - I agree with its practical prescriptions. In this cont... ...lan of action must be seen to be reasonable and pragmatic and leading – with great probability – to the achievement. In other words: the plan must ... ...or falsified. Attaining an achievement involves the construction of an ad-hoc mini theory. Reality has to be thoroughly surveyed, models constructe... ...at the incentives are. That economists pretend otherwise - in "optimal contracting theory" - just serves to demonstrate how divorced economics is f... ...able). It is neither true nor false. It is a probabilistic statement, but without a probability distribution. It is, in short, a meaningless stateme... ...echanics. For instance: strategies could have been described as wave functions with probability distributions. The same treatment could be accorded ... ...sly, the highest ranking (smallest ordinal) preference should have had the biggest probability attached to it – or could be treated as the collapse... ...incorporates deterministic theories (Newton's, Einstein's) - and theories involving probability and choice (Quantum Mechanics and its interpretation...

... sound so good. Patents, by contrast, keep the knowledge public, at least in theory; 3 you must describe it to own it.) And again, decisions about the... ... could turn to the cutting edge of technology or to economics or information theory. But none of those would be as useful a starting place as a letter... ... one of the supporters of copyright extension declared that it was merely “a theory” that monopoly makes things expensive. Macaulay agrees, tongue in ... ... monopoly makes things expensive. Macaulay agrees, tongue in cheek. “It is a theory in Chapter 2 22 -1 ___ 0 ___ 1 ___ 37278_u01.qxd 8/28/08 11:04 A... ..._ 37278_u01.qxd 8/28/08 11:04 AM Page 22 the same sense in which it is a theory, that day and night follow each other, that lead is heavier than w... ...y market was that telephone companies knew for sure, rather than merely as a probability, that if they refused to license, their competitors could lab...