...This is a how-not-to-do book about codification, indexing, information, computer science, peripherals and terminals. The data entries are unselected and stored in a database. Afterwards, they are disorganized, unstructured and then manufactured. A data mudflow is designed later in order to misdirect all information. A nonquality control personn...

...scrambles ........21 Misinformation deregistration and non-identification in files...............27 Chapter 4 ..................................29 Data storage and types of non-peripheral devices .....................29 Representation of Misinformation in internal memory ..............30 External non-peripherals ............................31 Printing paper ............

.... Singh, S. Singh, F. Smarandache RANDOMNESS AND OPTIMAL ESTIMATION IN DATA SAMPLING (second edition) American Research Press R... .... Singh, S. Singh, F. Smarandache RANDOMNESS AND OPTIMAL ESTIMATION IN DATA SAMPLING (second edition) Dr. Mohammad Khoshnevisan... ...graduate students and researchers who are active in the area of estimation and data sampling applied in financial survey modeling and applied statis... ...ety of situations in which the distribution is used for other types of failure data. The distribution often becomes suitable where the conditions for... ...enter involved in life-testing experiments becomes quite familiar with failure data and hence may often develop knowledge about some parameters of t... ...-α 2 ) are not known. Then we use to find out their sample estimates from the data at hand. Estimators of optimum value of g 1 (1,1) and g 2 (1,1) ... ...asurement errors. In general, standard theory of survey sampling assumes that data collected through surveys are often assumed to be free of measure... ... or response errors. In reality such a supposition does not hold true and the data may be contaminated with measurement errors due to various reaso...

...izing over-shooting and undershooting. This book has been designed for graduate students and researchers who are active in the area of estimation and data sampling applied in financial survey modeling and applied statistics. In our future research, we will address the computational aspects of the algorithms developed in this book....

... of the fuzzy models which deal with the analysis and study of unsupervised data make use of the directed graphs or bipartite graphs. Thus the use o... ...d by fuzzy theory. The causal structure of fuzzy cognitive maps from sample data [33-34] mainly uses the notion of fuzzy signed directed graphs with... ...cations of fuzzy theory is a grand one for most of analysis of unsupervised data are very successfully carried out by the use of Fuzzy Cognitive Map... ...d an easy representation even by a lay man. Thus we can say whenever the data had a fuzzy matrix representation it is bound to get the digraph re... ... Industry Owner, Employees' Association Union Leader and an Employee. The data and the opinion are taken only from one industry. Using the opinion... ...y a role in the study of FRMs and in fact we give a method of conversion of data from FRMs to FCMs. As both the models FRMs and FCMs work on the a... ...the concept of indeterminacy. We also mention that most of the unsupervised data also involve at least to certain degrees the notion of indeterminac... ...r [9]. Adaptive Fuzzy Cognitive Maps can learn the weight from historical data. Once the FCM is trained, it lets us play what-if games (eg. what i... ... criminal cases the concerned may not be able draw conclusions based on the data provided to him. Very many relations can be indeterminable so NCMs ...

...theory and when indeterminacy is involved we use neutrosophic theory. Most of the fuzzy models which deal with the analysis and study of unsupervised data make use of the directed graphs or bipartite graphs. Thus the use of graphs has become inevitable in fuzzy models. The neutrosophic models are fuzzy models that permit the factor of indeterminacy. It also plays a signifi...

...d labourers using FRE 189 2.5 Study of bonded labour problem using FRE 196 2.6 Data compression with FRE 196 2.7 Applying FRE to Threat Analysis 19... ...ng efficient solutions and let P be the size of the efficient set E. To divide data points into C regions or clusters, we apply the concept of fuzz... ...t of fuzzy clustering [4]. The idea is to find the degree of belonging of each data point to each cluster. Data points that belong to the same clus... ...uster center ( ) q c q c c R ∈ υ υ = υ , ... , 1 , c = 1, …, C around which the data points are concentrated. Q is the number of dimensions of solu... ...wo finite crisp sets and let D = {A i , B i }, i∈N n } be a set of input-output data with A i ∈ F (X) and B i ∈ F (Y), given sequentially and rand... ... them are allowed to reiterate before the first appearance of some others). The data sequence is described as (A (υ) , B (υ) ), ν∈N, where (A (υ) ... ...ed by Pedrycz has some differences with the problem solved here, since all the data is assumed to be known before the beginning of the training pro... ...re the beginning of the training process. Our case is more difficult, since the data are unknown before the beginning of the training. On the other ... ...ransformation functions provide with a better insight into the character of the data to be handled especially when it comes to their overall consist...

... more for Q) ";N% 50 cls 60 for I%=0 to N%:read Q(I%):next 70 data ‘The relevant data q0, q1, … 80 for I%=1 to N%:read R(I%):... ... ‘The relevant data q0, q1, … 80 for I%=1 to N%:read R(I%):next 90 data ‘The relevant data for r1, r2, … 100 print tab(10);"Smarand... ...t: An empirical study of Smarandache k-k additive relationships and related data is tabulated and analyzed. It leads to the conclusion that the numb... ... 65 Table 3. Comparison between 2-2 additive relations and other relevant data. # of → Interval prime twins k-k relations formed by twin pa...

... Hence, we again see the need for comparative physical models in generating data concerning the nature of scientific enigmas. Accordingly, a second ... ...kely reveal their most logical configurations. 15. This model conforms to data on elemental electronic energy levels. For example in an isolated a... ... SQP Set in MT & GDT Comparative Physics We now have presented a sufficient database of physical systems theory in GDT to begin a comparative study ...

...dy of several of the real world problems which are based only on unsupervised data. The fuzzy and neutrosophic tools like fuzzy cognitive maps inven... ...ed bimatrices. FCMs work on opinion of the experts given on the unsupervised data. The main advantage of this system is it can give the hidden patt... ... its interrelated definitions. FCMs have a major role to play mainly when the data concerned is an unsupervised one. Further this method is most sim... ...Further this method is most simple and an effective one as it can analyse the data by directed graphs and connection matrices. 72 DEFINITION 3.... ...ing to murder) for want of more money and so on. Thus one cannot actually get data for this but can use the expert's opinion for this unsupervised d... ...ntage of this method it is simple. It functions on expert's opinion. When the data happens to be an unsupervised one the FCM comes handy. This is t... ...n. As we have a very well known theory, which states that the strength of the data 76 depends on, the number of experts opinion we can use combin... ...ine the notion of Fuzzy cognitive bimaps. Suppose we have some unsupervised data to be analyzed and suppose it has two sets of disjoint attributes... ...s faced while running a industry or a factory cannot be put as a statistical data. Several of them are feelings involving a great deal of uncertain...

...Graphs and matrices play a vital role in the analysis and study of several of the real world problems which are based only on unsupervised data. The fuzzy and neutrosophic tools like fuzzy cognitive maps invented by Kosko and neutrosophic cognitive maps introduced by us help in the analysis of such real world problems and they happen to be mathematical tools wh...

...d labourers using FRE 189 2.5 Study of bonded labour problem using FRE 196 2.6 Data compression with FRE 196 2.7 Applying FRE to Threat Analysis 19... ...ng efficient solutions and let P be the size of the efficient set E. To divide data points into C regions or clusters, we apply the concept of fuzz... ...t of fuzzy clustering [4]. The idea is to find the degree of belonging of each data point to each cluster. Data points that belong to the same clus... ...uster center ( ) q c q c c R ∈ υ υ = υ , ... , 1 , c = 1, …, C around which the data points are concentrated. Q is the number of dimensions of solu... ...wo finite crisp sets and let D = {A i , B i }, i∈N n } be a set of input-output data with A i ∈ F (X) and B i ∈ F (Y), given sequentially and rand... ... them are allowed to reiterate before the first appearance of some others). The data sequence is described as (A (υ) , B (υ) ), ν∈N, where (A (υ) ... ...ed by Pedrycz has some differences with the problem solved here, since all the data is assumed to be known before the beginning of the training pro... ...re the beginning of the training process. Our case is more difficult, since the data are unknown before the beginning of the training. On the other ... ...ransformation functions provide with a better insight into the character of the data to be handled especially when it comes to their overall consist...

...lass defined in the java.math package of Java. It is an extended precision data type that allows for very large numbers to be represented and manipula... ...her bases. static BigInteger base1=new BigInteger("3"); // File where the data is sent static String filename="Basevalues.txt"; static File output;... ... str1=str1+base1Value+"\n"; System.out.println(str1); // Write the data to a file. try { out.write(str1); } catch(IOExcep... ...("Could not close the file"); } } } 10 The program uses the BigInteger data type, which can hold numbers of arbitrary size, and the function base1... ... } catch(IOException ioe) { System.out.println("Could not write data to the file"); } theCount=theCount.add(BigInteger.ONE); } Sy... ...nce. static BigInteger base1=new BigInteger("3"); // The name of the file data can be sent to. static String filename="Antsymmetricvalues.txt"; sta... ...esults for all elements with index less than or equal to 2000 are given in data listing 1. Data listing 1 For term number 54, the number is divisible ... ...rse Sequence that are evenly divisible by 11 2 , and the results appear in data listing 2. Data listing 2 For term number 18, the number is divisible ... ...; static final BigInteger theHUNDRED=new BigInteger("100"); // File where data is written. static String filename="ConcatenatedSquares.txt"; static...

...1,10}, C={z E JRJz=(an + b)/(cn + d), a,b,c,d E JR, cd>O, n=l,p}? 8. Fie data multimea A = {-3,-2,-1,1,2,3}. Sa se determine submultimile lui A: A... ...J-l(X) = ..;x, x E [0, +00). 12. Fie {A = 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9} §i <p E F(A) data eu ajutorul tabelului a) Sa se determine <p({2,3,5}); <p({1,3, 7,9})... ...0) xay <=} y = 2x; 11) xay <=} y2 = x 2 ; 12) xay <=} x . Y = O. 7. Este data multimea A §i relatia binara a ~ A 2 . Sa se demon­ streze ca a este ... ...= {(I,3),(1,I),(3,1),(1,2),(2,I),(2,2), (3,3),(3,2),(2,3),(5,5)}. 8. Fie data mul~imea A = {I, 2,3,4,5,6,7,8, 9} §i sistemul de submuitimi S = {Ai ... ...<.p: A ~ B, un de A = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9} §i B = {a, b, c, d, e, f}, este data de tabelul Sa se determine <.p(A), <.p({2,3,5}), <.p({5,6,7,8}), <.p(... ... 0; 13) a: x 2 +y2 = 16; 14) a: y = x2-3x+l; 15) a: 2xy = y2+5. 25. Este data relatia a cu D et = [-3; 5J §i Pet = [-4; 7J. a) Perechea (-4,5) apa... ...dicati toate perechile ordonate (x, y) E a cu x = 0. Explicati. 26. Fiind data functia f( x), calculati valorile ei in punctele indi- cate. 1) f(x) ... ...x-_-l-:"7); 8) f(x) = JJX+2 - 2; 10) f(x) = (Jx/(x + 4) - 2)2. 35. Este data funetia: f: E IR -- 1R, f(X)={ x2-2x-2, x 2:: 1, 2x - 1, x < l. a) ... ...nitiile 1 - 3, fiecare element al multimii initiale M figureaza 0 singura data. Paralel cu combinatiile in care fie care din cele n elemente diferit...

...its interrelated definitions. FCMs have a major role to play mainly when the data under consideration is an unsupervised one. Further this method i... ...urther this method is most simple and an effective one as it can analyse the data by directed graphs and connection matrices and give the hidden pa... ...ing to murder) for want of more money and so on. Thus one cannot actually get data for this but can use the expert's opinion for this unsupervised d... ...e of this method is, it is simple. It functions on expert's opinion. When the data happens to be an unsupervised one the FCM comes handy. This is t... ...n. As we have a very well known theory, which states that the strength of the data depends on, the number of experts' opinion we can use combined F... ...ration of the model. Fuzzy cognitive maps (FCMs) are more applicable when the data in the first place is an unsupervised one. The FCMs work on the o... ...ir problems and allows causal adaptation laws, infer causal links from simple data. FCM feedback forces us to abandon graph search, forward and espe... ...ndeterminate. Such situations very often occur when we deal with unsupervised data that has more to do with feelings. Like political scenario, child... ...hed on i.e. when an input is given as vector A 1 = (1, 0, …, 0) in D 1 , the data should pass through the relational matrix E. This is done by mult...

..., count); return 0; } Using this program, the following table of data was accumulated. Length Number of Distinct Reciprocal Primes 1 1 ... ...ix. Readers are encouraged to look for any interesting patterns in this data. Section 15 Chapter References 1. “Smarandache Notion Journa...

...k authors study and analyze the problem of school dropouts and their life after. The problems can by no means be analyzed by collecting the numerical data. For such data can only serve as information beyond that the data can be of no use, for the school dropouts suffer an environment change after becoming a school dropout. Thus the emotions of the school dropout; is techni...

...is organized into seven chapters. The first one is introductory in nature. In the second chapter authors give the unique and new way of analyzing the data which is time dependent. In chapter three the authors for the first time define the new concept of matrices with linguistic variables. In chapter four authors have used super matrices in super fuzzy models like super FCM...

...Preface 5 Chapter One INTRODUCTION 7 Chapter Two AVERAGE TIME DEPENDENT (ATD) DATA MATRIX 9 Chapter Three FUZZY LINGUISTIC MATRICES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS 43 Chapter Four SUPERMATRICES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS 65 Chapter Five INTERVAL MATRICES AND NATURAL CLASS OF INTERVALS 149 Chapter Six DSM...

...nference system can be applied to decision making. Chapter 3 gives one application of interval neutrosophic sets and logic in the field of relational databases. Neutrosophic data model is the generalization of fuzzy data model and paraconsistent data model. Here, we generalize various set-theoretic and relation-theoretic operations of fuzzy data model to neutrosophic data ...

...eutrosophic Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 2.5 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 3 Neutrosophic Relational Data Model 39 3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 3.2 Fuzzy Relations and Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 3.2.1 Set-theoretic operations on Fuzzy relations . . . . ...

... notions of matrices are given in section one in order to make the book self contained. Section two gives the properties of fuzzy matrices. Since the data need to be transformed into fuzzy models, some elementary properties of graphs are given. Further, this section provides details of how to prepare a linguistic questionnaire to make use of in these fuzzy models when the ...

...han that of the FCM model in several ways mainly when the analysis of the data can be treated as two disjoint entities. Thus its application to the ... ... interrelated definitions. FCMs have a major role to play mainly when the data concerned is an unsupervised one. Further this method is most simple ... ...her this method is most simple and an effective one as it can analyse the data by directed graphs and connection matrices. DEFINITION 1.1.1: An FC... ...to murder) for want of more money and so on. Thus one cannot actually get data for this but can use the expert's opinion for this unsupervised data ... ...e of this method it is simple. It functions on expert's opinion. When the data happens to be an unsupervised one the FCM comes handy. This is the on... ...s we have a very well known theory, which states that the strength of the data depends on, the number of experts' opinion we can use combined FCMs w... ...ies and Models Fuzzy cognitive maps (FCMs) are more applicable when the data in the first place is an unsupervised one. The FCMs work on the opini... ...roblems and allows causal adaptation laws, infer causal links from simple data. FCM feedback forces us to abandon graph search, forward and especial... ...terminate. Such situations very often occur when we deal with unsupervised data that has more to do with feelings. Like political scenario, child lab...

...is human (father) and the product is human (child) - there is an enormous amount of data that can be derived from the product and safely applied to ... ...ications were authored serially, in machine language and with strict separation of data (called: "structures") and instruction code (called: "funct... .... In the early life of the human embryo, instructions (DNA) are also insulated from data (i.e., from amino acids and other life substances). In ear... ... from data (i.e., from amino acids and other life substances). In early computing, databases were handled on a "listing" basis ("flat file"), were ... ...("flat file"), were serial, and had no intrinsic relationship to one another. Early databases constituted a sort of substrate, ready to be acted upo... ...operate on structures. This phase was followed by the "relational" organization of data (a primitive example of which is the spreadsheet). Data ite... ...PS (Object Oriented Programming Systems). Objects are modules which encompass both data and instructions in self contained units. The user communic... ... "the collective unconscious". Computers and their programming evolve. Relational databases cannot be integrated with object oriented ones, for in... ...he same information simultaneously transferred across them. Redundant retrieval of data and redundant usage of obtained data (through working, "upp...

...+ = N m n where m n m Zt n Zt n L ˛ - - = , ) ( ) ( Hint: the experimental data on the first 1000 values of Zt(n) show a linear grows for the average ... ... this should implies that n d is unbounded. About n r the experimental data show no clear trend. So any conclusion is difficult to drive. Problem ... ...Diophantine equation Zt(n+1)=Zt(n). Experimental data support this conjecture. Infact the behaviour of n d (see problem 4 f... ...aluated for the Smarandache power sequence [2]. According to experimental data the following conjecture can be formulated: 2 4 ) ( ) ( > < k for k k ... ...rst 100 values of fucntion Sdf(n) are given: According to the experimental data the following two conjectures can be formulated: n Sdf(n) ... ...alized histrogram is reported ( black dots). According to the experimental data an interpolating function has been estimated (continous curve): 2419 .... ...it of 0 n B found with our computer search. Based on those experimental data there is a strong evidence that the Smarandache conjecture on primes i... ...mber of them. Anyway we can get some further information from experimental data about the validity of this conjeture. In fact we can calculate the rat... ...conjecture has been proven to be true. Moreover utilizing the experimental data obtained with the computer program a heuristic that reinforce the val...

...cordance with certain basic assumptions? Or should it revolve around the mining of data for emerging patterns, rules, and "laws"? On the one hand,... ...? On the one hand, patterns based on limited - or, worse, non-recurrent - sets of data form a questionable foundation for any kind of "science". O... ...t must cast the familiar in a new light, mine patterns and rules from big bodies of data ("data mining"). Its insights must be the inevitable conclu... ...bilities to self organize, reorganize, give room to emerging order, accommodate new data comfortably, and avoid rigid reactions to attacks from with... ...is disagreement among scholars and traders whether one should better use historical data or current market prices - which include expectations - to ... ...rated in the price signal. Moreover, because of time lags in the dissemination of data and its assimilation in the prevailing operational model of... ...Iowa. While he admits the limitations of technical analysis - it is a-theoretic and data intensive, pattern over-fitting can be a problem, its rules... ...ting is cumbersome - he insists that "trading rules are picking up patterns in the data not accounted for by standard statistical models" and that ... ...e less sharply demarcated nowadays. "Fundamentalists" insert past prices and volume data in their models - and "technicians" incorporate arcana such...

...nherent imprecision associated with the information gleaned out of market data such as price, volume, open interest etc. A neutrosophic model of risk... ...to as Computational Finance. In Appendix (iii) we have used actual market data to construct a capital-guaranteed financial structured product and mea... ...ximization for the option writer. We have used the following hypothetical data set for conducting our computational study with the haploid genetic a... ...yield. We have run our Monte Carlo simulation model with the hypothetical data in Table 3.1 over the one-year lock-in period and calculated the pote... ...attern can be noticed for 80% < k* ≤ 90* is quite evident from the output data in Table 3.4 and the graphical plot of that data and accompanying tab... ...asset option-based financial structured products with actual market price data for a product consisting of three risky assets – a 88 long position... ...s D, N and U as defined in Chapter 2. The following hypothetical data have been assumed to calculate the simulated put price: S = $50.00... ...tructured product Here we have considered actual historical market data to construct a three-asset, capital-guaranteed financial structured p... ...sset is proxied by the 3-month T bill rate. The periodicity of the data is monthly and the span is two years – from 02/02/01 to 03/02/03. A n...

...ed materials is sent to us. 4 Fixing Global Finance Contents Acronyms 6-7 Data Notes 8 1. The Unfolding of Global Financial Crisis 9 2. The Global Fi... ...lly Owned Subsidiary WTO World Trade Organization 8 Fixing Global Finance Data Notes Million is 1,000,000. Billion is 1,000 million. Trillion is 1,00... ...ion more people will fall into extreme poverty in 2010. Although real-time data is still not available, a recent World Bank Report estimated that the ... ...PE firms carried out more than $664 billion worth of buyouts, according to data firm Thomson Financial. 38 Fixing Global Finance The Buyout Business ... ...view of regulatory authorities. They are not required to publicly disclose data on their financial performance and transactions. The majority of hedge... ...t classes, they were the dominant investors and traders. According to 2007 data from a US based consulting firm, Greenwich Associates, hedge funds wer...

...riments. In order to solve the problem of interpretation of ex- perimental data on gravitational waves it is appropriate to consider a more general ca... ...s free of space rotations. Currently there is no indubitable observational data sup- porting the absolute rotation of the Universe. This problem has b... ...ooft-Susskind holographic principle [13] in the sense that the holomorphic data in the interior (bulk) of the domain is fully determined by the holomo... ...n the interior (bulk) of the domain is fully determined by the holomorphic data on the Shilov boundary. The latter has the property that the maximum m... ...the material point. However, there exists no observational or experimental data supporting the idea of a point-mass or point-charge. I can see no way ... .... After teleportation the state of the frst particle destroys, so there is data transfer (not data copying). General Relativity draws another picture ... ...a transfer (not data copying). General Relativity draws another picture of data transfer: the particles are considered as point-masses or waves, not s... ...ement is true for both mass-bearing particles and massless ones (photons). Data transfer between any two particles is realized as well by point-mass p... ...s radiates the photon at the other, where the photon is absorbed realizing data transfer between the particles. Of course, the signal can as well be c...

... – C) –1 < 0. The reader is expected to construct real models by taking data's from several industries. Thus one can develop several other proper... ...a role in the study of NRMs and in fact we give a method of conversion of data from NRMs to NCMs. As both the models NRMs and NCMs work on the ad...

...terval matrices, interval neutrosophic matrices and fuzzy neutrosophic interval matrices but have also demonstrated some of its applications when the data under study is an unsupervised one and when several experts analyze the problem....

...h was introduced by Bart Kosko in the year 1986. We also give several of its interrelated definitions. FCMs have a major role to play mainly when the data concerned is an unsupervised one. Further this method is most simple and an effective one as it can analyse the data by directed graphs and connection matrices. DEFINITION 1.2.1: An FCM is a directed graph with concepts...

...last three decades, and then describes their development in the last five to ten years. It also offers a real-time picture based on daily “big postal data”, revealing one of the greatest opportunities for the sector in terms of forecasting and product design....

...HAPTER 6 Financial inclusion, postal banking and the future postal economic model José Ansón and Joëlle Toledano Bialot CHAPTER 7 Big postal data, now casting and the global pulse of the economy José Ansón and Matthias Helble CHAPTER 8 Global postal connectedness José Ansón and Matthias Helble CONCLUSION Ten key takeaways ENDNOTES BIBLIOGRAPH...

...s deviabit a curl-u re&lineo & longius pcrget. Si globus plum- IV .beus, data CU~I velocitate feccrndum lineam horizontalem a mantis ’ alicujus ver... ...s : & Mathemnticorul-11 eft inveni.re vim, qua corpus in dato quovis orbe data cum vubcitate accurate retineri poEt ; & vicifhz invenire viarn carvi... ... vicifhz invenire viarn carvilinealn, ill. quam corpus e dato quovis loco data cum velocitate egkfhm B data vi fletiatur. EfE autem vis hujus centri... ...d invicem in regii3nibus noitris, horunine ,$quod ad. Ion- ginquuln illud datam pofitionem krvet nyne ; qules verb ex h& ~~113 &tu inter fe definiri... ...i. Loca autem immota non funt, nifi qua: oninia a\> infinite in infinitum datas fervant poiitiones ad invicem ; atque adco femper manent immota, fpp... ...x viribus qw funt motu- um verorum caufz. & cffeeAus. Ut fi globi duo, ad datam ab in- vicem diftantiam file intercedente connexi , revolverentur ci... ...ri poffent. Si jm conrtituerentur in Spatio illo corpora aliqua longinqua datam itIter fe pofitionem fervantia, qualia iiznt itell= fix22 in regioni... ...em cum velocitate relariva, ELI= iit ad rchtivam velocitatem concurfus in data ratioLIe, id in pifis ex 26 PHlLOSOPHT& NA Ax: ;;;‘A, ;lequilihri... ... differen. tia 2). Ergo nequeunt propius ad Equalitatem accedere quaxnr. data differentia ‘D : contra hypothefin. L E M M A IF. Nan1 figurae infc...

...nts several applications of this new theory. We hope that this first book on DSmT will stir up some interests to researchers and engineers working in data fusion and in artificial intelligence. Many simple but didactic examples are proposed throughout the book. As a young emerging theory, DSmT is probably not exempt from improvements and its development will continue to ev...

... 295 13.6 Comparison between DSm and Fuzzy Logic Approaches . . . 299 13.7 Conclusions . . . . . 300 13.8 References . . . . . 301 14 Generalized Data Association for Multitarget Tracking in Clutter 303 14.1 Introduction . . . . . 304 14.2 Basic Elements of Tracking Process . . . . 304 14.2.1 Data Association . . . . 304 14.2.2 Filtering . . . . . 306 14.3 The At...

...power of the DSmT framework. In this third Volume, DSmT is applied to the entire spectrum of the Information Fusion that would interest any reader in data, sensor, information, and mathematical fusion topics. Highlighted in Figure 1 are the contemporary issues that include the links between (1) data conditioning and information management, (2) combined situation and impact...

...ents . . . . . . . . . 409 13.7 References . . . . . . . . . . . 409 Chapter 14 Performance evaluation of a tracking algorithm including attribute data 411 by J. Dezert, A. Tchamova, L. Bojilov and P. Konstantinova 14.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . 412 14.2 Problemformulation . . . . . . . . . 412 14.2.1 Kinematic likelihood ratios for GDA . . . . . 413 14.2.2...

...s and information fusion. So, we hope that this second volume on DSmT will continue to stir up some interests to researchers and engineers working in data fusion and in artificial intelligence....

...entation . . . . . . . . . 298 11.4 Classifiers fusion in Radar target recognition . . . . . . 300 11.4.1 Classifiers . . . . . . . . . 300 11.4.2 Database . . . . . . . . . 300 11.4.3 Model . . . . . . . . . . 301 11.4.4 Results . . . . . . . . . 301 11.5 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . 303 11.6 References . . . . . . . . . . . 303 Chapter 12 Multitarget Tracking...

... Nature vary with time? 96 7.8. Scale invariance principle and coherent picture between microscale and macroscale phenomena 99 7.9. Does coral reef data support Earth slowing-day hypothesis? 99 7.10. Link between Planckian quantization and quantized information 100 8. Postscript: A description of anomalous electromagnetic phenomena known as the Hutchison Effect 103 Ep...

...hort technical paper advocates a bootstrapping algorithm from which we can form a statistically reliable opinion based on limited clinically observed data, regarding whether an osteo-hyperplasia could actually be a case of Ewing’s osteosarcoma. The basic premise underlying our methodology is that a primary bone tumour, if it is indeed Ewing’s osteosarcoma, cannot increase ...

...g, edited by Yan-Qing Zhang and Tsau Young Lin, Georgia State University, Atlanta, USA, 305-308, 2006................462 57. Neutrosophic Relational Data Model, by Haibin Wang, Rajshekhar Sunderraman, Florentin Smarandache, André Rogatko, in (Society for Mathematics of Uncertainty, Creighton University), Vol. II, 19-35, 2008.......480 58. Neutrosophic Logic Based Semant...

...hort technical paper advocates a bootstrapping algorithm from which we can form a statistically reliable opinion based on limited clinically observed data, regarding whether an osteo-hyperplasia could actually be a case of Ewing’s osteosarcoma. The basic premise underlying our methodology is that a primary bone tumour, if it is indeed Ewing’s osteosarcoma, cannot increase ...

...g, edited by Yan-Qing Zhang and Tsau Young Lin, Georgia State University, Atlanta, USA, 305-308, 2006................462 57. Neutrosophic Relational Data Model, by Haibin Wang, Rajshekhar Sunderraman, Florentin Smarandache, André Rogatko, in (Society for Mathematics of Uncertainty, Creighton University), Vol. II, 19-35, 2008.......480 58. Neutrosophic Logic Based Semant...