... and influential English philosopher. He was, with Bertrand Russell, Ludwig Wittgenstein, and (before them) Gottlob Frege, one of the founders of the analytic tradition in philosophy....

Philosophy

...iversity is an equal opportunity university. Contents MUIRHEAD LIBRARY OF PHILOSOPHY ................................................................... ... Russell The Analysis of Mind by Bertrand Russell 1921 MUIRHEAD LIBRARY OF PHILOSOPHY An admirable statement of the aims of the Library of Phi- losoph... ... his description of the original programme printed in Erdmann’s History of Philosophy under the date 1890. This was slightly modified in subsequent vo... ...umes to take the form of the following statement: “The Muirhead Library of Philosophy was designed as a contribution to the History of Modern Philosop... ...secondly of different Sub- jects—Psychology, Ethics, Aesthetics, Political Philosophy, Theology. While much had been done in England in tracing the co... ...d, if I am not mistaken, incapable of maintaining itself either against an analytic scrutiny or against a host of facts in psycho-analysis and animal ... ... a wide field of “unconscious” phenomena which does not depend upon psycho-analytic theories. Such occurrences as automatic writing lead Dr. Morton Pr... ...urist, this must certainly count as knowledge, however it may be viewed by analytic psychology. In this case, what is known, roughly, is the stimulus;... ... except observation. I assume, that is to say, a trained observer, with an analytic attention, knowing the sort of thing to look for, and the sort of ...

...Excerpt: Muirhead Library Of Philosophy. An admirable statement of the aims of the Library of Philosophy was provided by the first editor, the late Professor J. H. Muirhead, in his description of the original programme printed in Erdmann?s History of Phi...

...Contents MUIRHEAD LIBRARY OF PHILOSOPHY .............................................................................................................. 4 PREFACE ................................................................................................

... to human life that few, if any, whether from sav ageness, or poverty, or philosophy, ever attempt to do without it. To many creatures there is in th... ...ture, or commerce, or literature, or art. There are nowadays professors of philosophy, but not philosophers. Yet it is admirable to profess because it... ...water. It was fit that I should live on rice, mainly, who love so well the philosophy of India. To meet the objections of some inveterate cavillers, I... ...s was not indispensablenfor my discoveries were not by the syn thetic but analytic process and I have gladly omitted it since, though most housewive... ...g about the world in his own orbit, do ing it good, or rather, as a truer philosophy has dis covered, the world going about him getting good. When P... ...he necessity of being forever on the alert. What is a course of history or philosophy, or poetry, no mat ter how well selected, or the best society, ...

...valuable as illustrating the great truth, too gener- ally overlooked, that analytic power is a subordinate quality of the critic. On the whole, it may... ...neral, and more especially my ignorance on subjects connected with natural philosophy, so far from rendering me diffident of my own ability to compre-... ... conjecture. —Sir Thomas Browne. THE MENTAL FEATURES discoursed of as the analytical, are, in themselves, but little susceptible of analysis. We appr... ...y had turned outward the faces of their own. 118 Poe in Five V olumes The analytical power should not be confounded with ample ingenuity; for while t... ...ted general observation among writers on morals. Between ingenuity and the analytic ability there exists a difference far greater, indeed, than that b... ...enious are always fanciful, and the truly imaginative never otherwise than analytic. The narrative which follows will appear to the reader some- what ... ...ion. Observing him in these moods, I often dwelt meditatively upon the old philosophy of the Bi-Part Soul, and amused myself with the fancy of a doubl... ...o distend under the influence of the gas. “Having thus before us the whole philosophy of this subject, we can easily test by it the assertions of L ’E... ...to the bounds of apparent relevancy. Y et experience has shown, and a true philosophy will always show, that a vast, perhaps the larger portion of tru...

...with Logic, in which I began at once with the Organon, and read it to the Analytics inclusive, but profited little by the Poste rior Analytics, whic... ...e eighteenth century metaphysics, M. Gergonne, on logic, under the name of Philosophy of the Sciences. I also went through a course of the higher math... ...ollection of having once seen Saint Simon, not yet the founder either of a philosophy or a religion, and considered only as a clever original. The chi... ...ty to my conceptions of things. I now had opinions; a creed, a doctrine, a philosophy; in one among the best senses of the word, a religion; the incul... ...my father’s direction, my studies were carried into the higher branches of analytic psychology. I now read Locke’s Essay, and wrote out an ac count ... ...my father made me study what he deemed the really master production in the philosophy of mind, Hartley’s Observations on Man . This book, though it d... ...an the one I ultimately executed. Having done with Logic, we launched into Analytic Psy chology, and having chosen Hartley for our text book, we 71 ... ...oined together in Nature, to cohere more and more closely in our thoughts. Analytic habits may thus even strengthen the associations between causes an... ...he formation of my character anew, and create, in a mind now irretrievably analytic, fresh associations of plea sure with any of the objects of human...

...‘Confessions of an Opium-eater’—fine, very fine!—glorious imagination—deep philosophy acute specula- tion—plenty of fire and fury, and a good spicing ... ...r. Is it not truly remarkable that, before the magnificent light shed upon philosophy by Humanity, the world was accustomed to regard War and Pes- til... ...OST NOTORIOUS ill-fortune must in the end yield to the untiring courage of philosophy—as the most stubborn city to the ceaseless vigilance of an enemy... ... might even have a tangible form. Most philoso- phers, upon many points of philosophy, are still very unphilosophical. William Godwin, however, says i... ...uch new light might be thrown upon a highly interesting branch of physical philosophy. To all this I am sorry that I cannot reply. A hint is the only ... ...ented to his inspection—he could have no difficulty in determining, by the analytic retrogradation, to what original impulse it was due. This power of...

... doctor’s power of diagnosis was shown by the doctors themselves as to the analytic microbe hunt- ers. These witch finders would give you a certificat...

...le, and that even the most experi- enced people have not always sufficient analytic faculty to dis- entangle it from the sentiments, sympathetic or ab...

...d the same subject. This subject is what Aristotle calls in one place the “philosophy of human affairs;” but more frequently Political or Social Scien... ...distinction is not that the one treats of Moral and the other of Political Philosophy, nor again that the one deals with the moral activity of the ind... ... 6 The Ethics of Aristotle the view of it as containing Aristotle’s Moral Philosophy. Nor is it important merely as summing up the moral judgments an... ...uct and speaking of it. Thus it still remains one of the classics of Moral Philosophy, nor is its value likely soon to be exhausted. As was pointed ou... ... prove its truth if he should ask. But these terms are employed elsewhere (Analytica Post I cap. 11. sect. 10) to denote respectively particulars and ... ...nihil enim impedio. P 6, l. 1. Or “prove themselves good,” as in the Prior Analytics, ii 25, [Greek: apanta pisteuomen k.t l] but the other rendering ... ...st upon Compassion. P. 133, l. 24. It is the opening statement of the Post Analytics. P . 133, l. 27. Aristotle in his logical analysis of Induction, ... ...cs. P . 133, l. 27. Aristotle in his logical analysis of Induction, Prior. Analytics II. 25, defines it to be “the proving the in- herence of the majo... ...l to compare on the subject of Induction as the term is used by Aristotle, Analytica Prior. II 25 26 Analytica Post. I. 1, 3, and I. Topics VI I and X...

...gle treatise of which his Politics is the other half. Both deal with one and the same subject. This subject is what Aristotle calls in one place the ?philosophy of human affairs;? but more frequently Political or Social Science. In the two works taken together we have their author?s whole theory of human conduct or practical activity, that is, of all human activity which i...

.......................................................... 365 Lecture XVIII: PHILOSOPHY ................................................................... ...lthy- mindedness and repentance— Essential pluralism of the healthy-minded philosophy— Morbid- mindedness: its two degrees—The pain-threshold varies i... ... states— They strengthen monistic and optimistic hypotheses. LECTURE XVIII PHILOSOPHY Primacy of feeling in religion, philosophy being a secondary fun... ...statements of religious experience, but uncoercive as reasoned proof— What philosophy CAN do for religion by transforming herself into “science of rel... ...petites,” and the second a metaphysical one on “Their Satisfaction through Philosophy.” But the un- expected growth of the psychological matter as I ... ...thematicians handle the same numeri- cal and spatial facts by geometry, by analytical geom- etry, by algebra, by the calculus, or by quaternions, and ... ...religious constructions once more. For the moment, let me dryly pursue the analytic part of the task. Both thought and feeling are determinants of con...

...VII: MYSTICISM ................................................................................................................... 365 Lecture XVIII: PHILOSOPHY ................................................................................................................................ 416 Lecture XIX: OTHER CHARACTERISTICS .................................................

...ords and things these were prob- lems not easy of solution in the infancy of philosophy. They presented the same kind of difficulty to the half-educat... ...and made ready for use. T o us the fallacies which arise in the pre-Socratic philosophy are trivial and obsolete be- cause we are no longer liable to ... ...ncient logic can be usefully ap- plied. The weapons of common sense, not the analytics of Aristotle, are needed for their overthrow. Nor is the use of... ...ts at the present time, and based chiefly on the methods of Modern Inductive philosophy. Such a science might have two legitimate fields: first, the r... ...ad arrived at the conclusion that Cleinias must be- come a philosopher. And philosophy is the possession of knowledge; and knowledge must be of a kin... ...to have all the advantages and none of the drawbacks both of politics and of philosophy. They do not understand the principles of combination, and hen...

... resided. For all of these reasons, prior to 9/11 relatively few strategic analytic reports about counterterrorism had been com- pleted. Indeed, the F... ...”The authors expressed concern that “we have not fundamentally altered our philosophy or our approach” even though the terrorist threat had grown.They... ...the CIA supervisor “John” told us, no one looked at the bigger picture; no analytic work foresaw the lightning that could connect the thundercloud to ... ...m danger completed before 9/11. 4 From 1998 to 2001, a number of very good analytical papers were distrib- uted on specific topics.These included Bin ... ...were distrib- uted on specific topics.These included Bin Ladin’s political philosophy, his command of a global network, analysis of information from t... ...timate, he conceded that most of the work of the Center’s 30- to 40-person analytic group dealt with collection issues. 6 In late 2000, DCI George T e... ...opportunity for dia- logue” al Qaeda desired. 20 The CIA did not write any analytical assessments of possible hijacking scenarios. FORESIGHT—AND HINDS...

...y of God’s attributes; suppose holiness or hap- piness, she feels, (though analytically she could not explain,) that God is not holy or is not happy b... ...fficient upon such ground, but that which the Scriptures in their profound philosophy entitle the ‘un- derstanding heart.’ And perhaps few readers wil... ... gion, the more you leave behind the frauds, forgeries, and treacheries of philosophy; so much the more clearly you de- scry the odious truth—that man... ... code of in- ternational law. This cannot be consummated until Chris- tian philosophy shall have traversed the earth, and reorga- nized the structure ... ... of such relations as connect us with our colonies. But, from the profound philosophy of Scripture, we have learned that no relations whatever, not ev... ... a subject, is unseasonable, and almost culpable. On such a subject as the Philosophy of Protestantism—‘satius erat silere, quam parcius, dicere.’ Bet... ... is sufficient (given a multitude of minds) to lead backwards or forwards, analytically or synthetically, into many of the rest. That is the principle... ...oved by W allis, Savilian professor of geometry at Oxford, the improver of analytic mathematics, and the great historian of algebra. Algebra it was th...

... Intro- duction, by O. F. Owen (Bohn’s Classical Library), 1848. Posterior Analytics, E. Poste, 1850; E. S. Bourchier, 1901; On Fallacies, E. Poste, 1... ...d by A. Bain and G. C. Robertson, 1872, 1880; E. W allace, Outlines of the Philosophy of Aristotle, 1875, 1880; A. Grant (Ancient Classics for English... ...ward for this business, and apply themselves either to pub- lic affairs or philosophy: the knowledge of procuring what is necessary for a family is di... ...rsally succeed), when they reviled him for his poverty, as if the study of philosophy was useless: for they say that he, perceiving by his skill in as... ...and thirdly, let those who wish for pleasure in itself seek for it only in philosophy, all others want the assistance of men. Since then men are guilt... ...n the defensive em- ploy all the means already known, and such new ones as philosophy can invent, to defend themselves: for those who are well prepare...

...tant to human life that few, if any, whether from savageness, or poverty, or philosophy, ever attempt to do without it. To many creatures there is in ... ...ulture, or commerce, or literature, or art. There are nowadays professors of philosophy, but not philosophers. Yet it is admirable to profess because ... ...y politi cal economy, while that economy of living which is synonymous with philosophy is not even sincerely professed in our colleges. The consequen... ...k water. It was fit that I should live on rice, mainly, who loved so well the philosophy of India. To meet the objections of some inveterate cavillers,... ...is was not indispensable, — for my discoveries were not by the synthetic but analytic process, — and I have gladly omitted it since, though most house... ...going about the world in his own orbit, doing it good, or rather, as a truer philosophy has discovered, the world going about him getting good. When P...

...have disqualified them, to my rigour; but they were stall right,” in the so analytic modern critical phrase, through their discreetly disavowing emulat... ...ame; all he could do was practically to leave it to her, emulating her own philosophy. He had again and again sat up late to discuss those situations ... ...ool upper air of the finer discrimination, the deeper sincerity, the larger philosophy. No mat ter what were the facts invoked and arrayed, it was onl... ...s, the first, had been the not inconsiderable length, to her later and more analytic consciousness, of this second wait for her husband’s reappearance.... ...hetic for the advantage now extracted from it by Fanny Assingham’s bruised philosophy. This good friend’s relation to it was ac tually the revanche, ...

... purity of a natural force, But I, whose virtues are the definitions Of the analytic mind, can neither close The eye of the mind nor keep my tongue fro... ...ree; The night can sweat with terror as before We pieced our thoughts into philosophy, And planned to bring the world under a rule, Who are but weasel...