British Rail Class 08

British Rail Class 08

08509 in Rail Blue livery at Chesterfield Goods Yard
Type and origin
Power type	Diesel-electric
Builder	British Railways: Derby Works, Crewe Works, Darlington Works, Doncaster Works and Horwich Works.
Build date	1952–1962
Total produced	996
Specifications
Configuration	0-6-0
UIC classification	C
Wheel diameter	4 ft 6 in (1.372 m)
Wheelbase	11 ft 6 in (3.505 m)
Length	29 ft 3 in (8.92 m)
Width	8 ft 6 in (2.591 m)
Height	12 ft 8 5⁄8 in (3.877 m) 11 ft 9 5⁄8 in (3.597 m) (08/9)
Locomotive weight	49.6 long tons (50.4 t; 55.6 short tons) to 51 long tons (51.8 t; 57.1 short tons)
Fuel capacity	668 imp gal (3,040 l; 802 US gal)
Prime mover	English Electric 6KT
Generator	DC
Traction motors	DC English Electric 506, 2 off
Transmission	Diesel-electric transmission double reduction drive
Multiple working	Not originally fitted, some retrofitted with type ★ Blue Star
Performance figures
Maximum speed	15 mph (24 km/h) or 20 mph (32 km/h)
Power output	Engine: 350 hp (261 kW)
Tractive effort	Maximum: 35,000 lbf (160 kN)
Train heating	None
Locomotive brakeforce	19 long tons-force (190 kN)
Train brakes	Vacuum, later Air & Vacuum or Air only
Career
Operator(s)	British Railways
Number(s)	13000–13116, 13127–13136, 13167–13365; later: D3000–D3116, D3127–D3136, D3167–D3438, D3454–D3472, D3503–D3611, D3652–D3664, D3672–D3718, D3722–D4048, D4095–D4098, D4115–D4192; later 08001–08958
Axle load class	Route availability 5 or 6 (see text)

The British Rail (BR) Class 08 is a class of diesel-electric shunting locomotive. The Pioneer Class 08 No. D3000 (currently preserved at the Heritage Shunters Trust based at Peak Rail) was built in 1952 although it did not enter service until 1953. Production continued until 1962; 996 locomotives were produced, making it the most numerous of all British locomotive classes.

As the standard BR general-purpose diesel shunter, almost any duty requiring shunting would involve a Class 08. The class became a familiar sight at many major stations and freight yards. Since their introduction, though, the nature of rail traffic in Britain has changed considerably. Freight trains are now mostly fixed rakes of wagons, and passenger trains are mostly multiple units, neither requiring the attention of a shunting locomotive. Consequently, a large proportion of the class has been withdrawn from mainline use and stored, scrapped, exported or sold to industrial or heritage railways.

As of 2011, around 100 locomotives remain working on industrial sidings and on the main British network. On heritage railways, they have become common, appearing on many of the preserved standard-gauge lines in Britain, with over 60 preserved.^[1]

History

The Class 08 design was based on the LMS 12033 series (later TOPS Class 11) design. There were also 26 of the near-identical but higher-geared Class 09, and 171 similar locomotives fitted with different engines and transmissions (some of which became Class 10), which together brought the total number of outwardly-similar machines to 1193.

The locomotives were built at the BR Works of Crewe, Darlington, Derby, Doncaster and Horwich between 1952 and 1962.^[2]

The majority of the class were reclassified as TOPS sub-class 08/0, when some locomotives were reduced in height for use on the Burry Port and Gwendraeth Valley Railway in south west Wales and became Class 08/9.

The first locomotive to be withdrawn was D3193 in 1967. 4 other machines were withdrawn before TOPS reclassification in 1973.^[3] Withdrawals continued in subsequent decades until by the beginning of the 1990s most of the class were no longer in service.^[4] At the same time as the withdrawals, many were purchased by heritage railways.

When British Rail was privatised and sold in the 1990s, EWS inherited most of the class. More units were disposed of, being sent to EWS's Component Recovery & Distribution Centre (CRDC) in Wigan for stripping of reusable components prior to scrapping. Others were stored in case of an increase in traffic.

Former 08032 at Foster Yeoman's Torr Works, 2008

In mid 2008, EWS had over 40 class 08 locomotives in operation, with a greater number stored. Freightliner also had about 5 locomotives in operation, as did locomotive company Wabtec. FirstGroup operated less than 5; additionally, some work at industrial sidings – 2 for Foster Yeoman, one for Mendip Rail, one for Corus, one at ICI Wilton, 2 for English China Clays, amongst others. A few other businesses in railway-related business operated single examples.^[1]

Exported locomotives

16 English Electric 060DE 350 hp locomotives based on the Class 11/Class 08 design, but modified for 1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in) gauge, were built new and exported 1951–53 to Australia, entering service on the Victorian Railways as the F class.

5 examples of the Class 08 were exported to Liberia; numbers: 3047, 3092, 3094, 3098 and 3100.^[5] At least one of these has been repatriated and is now preserved.

Preserved railways

Continuing in its designed-for role as a shunter, the Class 08 has been found useful by numerous heritage railways in the UK. With over 60 examples preserved,^[1] they are the most numerous class of preserved locomotive in the UK.

Operations

As the standard general-purpose diesel shunter on BR, almost any duty requiring shunting would involve a Class 08; thus the many locations where 2 portions of a train were merged, or where additional stock was added to a train, were hauled (briefly) by a Class 08, thus the class was a familiar sight at many major stations and termini.

Technical description

The Class 08 design was based on the LMS 12033 series (later TOPS Class 11) design.

The engine is an English Electric (EE) 6 cylinder, 4-stroke, 6KT. Traction motors are 2 EE 506 motors with double reduction gear drive. The main generator is an EE 801.

Design variations

There were variations on the basic design, which were given the following TOPS design codes:

Class 08/9

Class 08/9 locomotives were modified from the standard class by being given headlights and cut-down bodywork in which the overall height was reduced to 11’ 10" (3.61 m), for use on the Burry Port and Gwendraeth Valley Railway up to Cwm Mawr. In 2007, a few of these locomotives were used on the Manchester Metrolink track relaying project. Their job was to take the track to the construction sites.

BR Class 13

6 Class 08 units were adapted for a specialist role at Tinsley Marshalling Yard, where there was a requirement for more powerful shunters. These locomotives were permanently coupled together in pairs as a 'master and slave' (or 'cow and calf'), the latter with its cab removed, to form the British Rail Class 13. A total of 3 were made and all have since been scrapped.

Fleet

Models

Several manufacturers have produced models of Class 08 shunters. In OO scale, Wrenn, Tri-ang, Hornby Railways and Bachmann Branchline all produced models. Lima also produced a model in several different liveries, but it was of the near-identical Class 09.

Since 2000, both Bachmann Branchline and Hornby have released much more detailed models, in a variety of liveries and with a variety of appropriate detail variations.

In British N Gauge, Graham Farish have also produced 2 versions; a relatively crude version lacking outside frames that was discontinued in 2007, and a more detailed version with outside frames that was unveiled 2008.^[6]

In fiction

The Class 08 locomotives were the basis for the character Devious Diesel in The Railway Series books written by the Rev. W. Awdry, and the subsequent Thomas the Tank Engine and Friends TV Series. The Class 08 has also provided the basis Dodge, Splatter, Arry, Bert, Paxton, and Sidney in the series.

References

Further reading

• Lund, E (1980). To the last drop. Chesterfield: Longden technical Publications.  
• Williams, Alan; Percival, David (1977). British Railways Locomotives and Multiple Units including Preserved Locomotives 1977. Shepperton: Ian Allen Ltd.  

External links

• Restoration work on Class 08 – 08220