Lucille Clifton

Lucille Clifton
Lucille Clifton
Born	(1936-06-27)June 27, 1936 Depew, New York, USA
Died	February 13, 2010(2010-02-13) (aged 73) Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Nationality	American
Occupation	Writer
Spouse(s)	Fred James Clifton (d. 1984)

Lucille Clifton (June 27, 1936, Depew, New York – February 13, 2010, Baltimore, Maryland)^[1] was an American poet, writer, and educator from Buffalo, New York.^[2][3][4] From 1979 to 1985 she was Poet Laureate of Maryland. Clifton was nominated twice for the Pulitzer Prize for poetry.^[5]

Life and career

Lucille Clifton (born Thelma Lucille Sayles, in Depew, New York)^[6] grew up in Buffalo, New York, and graduated from Fosdick-Masten Park High School in 1953.^[7] With a scholarship she attended Howard University from 1953 to 1955, leaving to study at the State University of New York at Fredonia (near Buffalo).^[7]

In 1958, Lucille Sayles married Fred James Clifton, a professor of philosophy at the The Glass Menagerie, which was called "poetic and sensitive" by the Buffalo Evening News.

In 1966, Reed took some of Clifton's poems to

• Clifton's Page at BOA Editions
• Biography and critical appreciation of her work, and links to poems at the Poetry Foundation.
• " 'Since you asked..,' with Lucille Clifton" for the WGBH series, New Television Workshop
• Lucille Clifton reads "Turning" for the WGBH series, New Television Workshop
• "Jean Toomer's Cane and the Rise of the Harlem Renaissance" Essay by Lucille Clifton.
• "Lucille Clifton Reads A Poem About the Days Surrounding Sept. 11" PBS. 8 September 2006. (Audio)
• Recorded in Los Angeles, CA, on May 21, 1996. From Lannan (Video 45 mins).
• Profile at Modern American Poetry, University of Illinois
• Profile from Academy of American Poets
• Lucille Clifton at Library of Congress Authorities, with 51 catalog records

External links

• Holladay, Hilary, Wild Blessings: The Poetry of Lucille Clifton, Louisiana State University Press, 2004 ISBN 978-0-8071-2987-6
• Lupton, Mary Jane, Lucille Clifton: her life and letters, Greenwood Publishing Group, 2006, ISBN 0-275-98469-9

Further reading

References

List of U.S. states' Poets Laureate

See also

• Generations: A Memoir, Random House, New York, 1976, ISBN 978-0-394-46155-7

Nonfiction

• Everett Anderson's Goodbye (Henry Holt)
• One of the Problems of Everett Anderson (Henry Holt)
• Everett Anderson's Friend (Henry Holt)
• Everett Anderson's Christmas Coming (Henry Holt)
• Everett Anderson's 1-2-3 (Henry Holt)
• Everett Anderson's Year (Henry Holt)
• Some of the Days of Everett Anderson (Henry Holt)
• Everett Andersson's Nine Month Long (Henry Holt)

The Everett Anderson series

• Three Wishes (Doubleday)
• The Boy Who Didn't Believe In Spring (Penguin)
• The Lucky Stone. Delacorte Press. 1979. ; Reprint Yearling Books, ISBN 978-0-307-53795-9  
• The Times They Used To Be (Henry Holt & Co)
• All Us Come Cross the Water ( Henry Holt)
• My Friend Jacob (Dutton)
• Amifika (Dutton)
• Sonora the Beautiful (Dutton)
• The Black B C's (Dutton)
• The Palm of My Heart: Poetry by African American Children. Introduction by Lucille Clifton (San Val)

Children's books

The Collected Poems of Lucille Clifton", Rochester, BOA Editions, 2012

• Good Times, New York: Random House, 1969
• Good News About the Earth, New York: Random House, 1972
• An Ordinary Woman, New York: Random House, 1974)
• Two-Headed Woman, University of Massachusetts Press, Amherst, 1980
• Good Woman: Poems and a Memoir: 1969–1980, Brockport: BOA Editions, 1987 — finalist for the 1988 Pulitzer Prize^[11]
• Next: New Poems, Brockport: BOA Editions, Ltd., 1987 —finalist for the 1988 Pulitzer Prize^[11]
• Ten Oxherding Pictures, Santa Cruz: Moving Parts Press, 1988
• Quilting: Poems 1987–1990, Brockport: BOA Editions, 1991, ISBN 978-0-918526-81-6
• The Book of Light, Port Townsend: Copper Canyon Press, 1993
• The Terrible Stories, Brockport: BOA Editions, 1996
• Blessing The Boats: New and Collected Poems 1988–2000, Rochester: BOA Editions, 2000, ISBN 978-1-880238-88-2; Paw Prints, 2008, ISBN 978-1-4395-0356-0 —winner of the National Book Award^[12]
• Mercy, Rochester: BOA Editions, 2004, ISBN 978-1-929918-55-3
• Voices, Rochester: BOA Editions, 2008, ISBN 978-1-934414-12-5

Daughters- Lucille Clifton

Poetry collections

Works

Lucille Clifton received a Creative Writing Fellowships from the National Endowment for the Arts in 1970 and 1973, and a grant from the Academy of American Poets. She has received the Charity Randall prize, the Jerome J. Shestack Prize from the American Poetry Review, and an Emmy Award. Her children's book Everett Anderson's Good-bye won the 1984 Coretta Scott King Award. In 1988, Clifton became the first author to have two books of poetry named finalists for one year's Pulitzer Prize. (The award dates from 1918, the announcement of finalists from 1980.)^[11] She won the 1991/1992 Shelley Memorial Award, the 1996 Lannan Literary Award for Poetry, and for Blessing the Boats: New and Collected Poems 1988–2000 the 2000 National Book Award for Poetry.^[12] From 1999 to 2005, she served on the Board of Chancellors of the Academy of American Poets. In 2007, she won the Ruth Lilly Poetry Prize; the $100,000 prize honors a living U.S. poet whose "lifetime accomplishments warrant extraordinary recognition." Clifton is set to receive the Robert Frost Medal for lifetime achievement posthumously, from the Poetry Society of America.^[13]

Awards

Her series of children's books about a young black boy began with 1970's Some of the Days of Everett Anderson. Everett Anderson, a recurring character in many of her books, spoke in authentic African-American dialect and dealt with real life social problems. Her work features in anthologies such as My Black Me: A Beginning Book of Black Poetry (ed. Arnold Adoff), A Poem of Her Own: Voices of American Women Yesterday and Today (ed. Catherine Clinton), Black Stars: African American Women Writers (ed. Brenda Scott Wilkinson) and Bedrock: Writers on the Wonders of Geology (ed. Lauret E. Savoy, Eldridge M. Moores, and Judith E. Moores (Trinity University Press). Studies about her life and writings include Wild Blessings: The Poetry of Lucille Clifton (LSU Press, 2004) by Hilary Holladay, and Lucille Clifton: Her Life and Letters (Praeger, 2006) by Mary Jane Lupton.

Lucille Clifton traced her family's roots to the West African Kingdom of Dahomey, now the Republic of Benin. Growing up she was told by her mother, "Be proud, you're from Dahomey women!"^[10] She cites as one of her ancestors the first black woman to be "legally hanged" for manslaughter in the state of Kentucky during the time of Slavery in the United States. Girls in her family are born with an extra finger on each hand, a genetic trait known as polydactyly. Lucille's two extra fingers were amputated surgically when she was a small child, a common practice at that time for reasons of superstition and social stigma. Her "two ghost fingers" and their activities became a theme in her poetry and other writings. Health problems in her later years included painful gout which gave her some difficulty in walking.

Plaque outside the New York Public Library

Poetic work

From 1985 to 1989, Clifton was a professor of literature and creative writing at the University of California, Santa Cruz.^[9] She was Distinguished Professor of Humanities at St. Mary's College of Maryland. From 1995 to 1999, she was a visiting professor at Columbia University. In 2006, she was a fellow at Dartmouth College.

[7]