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Nucleariid

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Title: Nucleariid  
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Nucleariid

Nucleariids
Nuclearia thermophila
Scientific classification
Domain: Eukarya
(unranked): Opisthokonts
Order: Nucleariida

The nucleariids are a group of amoebae[1] with filose pseudopods, known mostly from soils and freshwater. They are distinguished from the superficially similar vampyrellids mainly by having mitochondria with discoid cristae.

Classification



Plantae


Chromalveolata



                        Amoebozoa

Opisthokonts 


Choanozoa


Animalia




Nucleariids


Fungi




One view of the great kingdoms and their stem groups.[2]


Nucleariids are opisthokonts,[3] the group which includes animals, fungi and several smaller groups. Several studies place the nucleariids as a sister group to the fungi.[4][5]

Characteristics

Nucleariids are usually small, up to about 50 μm in size.

According to a 2009 paper, Fonticula, a cellular slime mold, is an opisthokont and more closely related to Nuclearia than to fungi.[6]

References

  1. ^ Zettler; Nerad, T.; O'Kelly, C.; Sogin, M. (2001). "The nucleariid amoebae: more protists at the animal-fungal boundary". The Journal of eukaryotic microbiology 48 (3): 293–297.  
  2. ^ Phylogeny based on:
  3. ^ a b Yoshida M, Nakayama T, Inouye I (January 2009). "Nuclearia thermophila sp. nov. (Nucleariidae), a new nucleariid species isolated from Yunoko Lake in Nikko (Japan)". European journal of protistology 45 (2): 147–155.  
  4. ^ Steenkamp, E.T.; Wright, J.; Baldauf, S.L. (2006). "The Protistan Origins of Animals and Fungi". Molecular Biology and Evolution 23 (1): 93–106.  
  5. ^ Shalchian-Tabrizi K, Minge MA, Espelund M, et al. (2008). Aramayo, Rodolfo, ed. "Multigene phylogeny of choanozoa and the origin of animals". PLoS ONE 3 (5): e2098.  
  6. ^ Matthew W. Brown, Frederick W. Spiegel and Jeffrey D. Silberman (2009). "Phylogeny of the "Forgotten" Cellular Slime Mold, Fonticula alba, Reveals a Key Evolutionary Branch within Opisthokonta". Molecular Biology and Evolution 26 (12): 2699–2709.  
Bikonta
AH
Hacrobia, or non-SAR chromalveolata
SAR
Stramenopiles,
or heterokonts
Unikonta
Nucleariidae
Incertae sedis
Sources: (2005)et al.Adl , (2012)et al.Adl , Cavalier-Smith (2008).
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