April 19

April 19 is the 109th day of the year (110th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 256 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 65 – The freedman Milichus betrayed Piso's plot to kill the Emperor Nero and all the conspirators are arrested.
• 531 – Battle of Callinicum: A Byzantine army under Belisarius is defeated by the Persians at Ar-Raqqah (northern Syria).
• Byzantine emperor Constantine VI. He is deposed and blinded. Shortly after Constantine dies of his wounds, and Irene proclaims herself basileus.
• 1012 – Martyrdom of Ælfheah in Greenwich, England.
• 1529 – Beginning of the Protestant Reformation: After the Second Diet of Speyer bans Lutheranism, a group of rulers (German: Fürst) and independent cities protests the reinstatement of the Edict of Worms.
• 1539 – Charles V and Protestants signs Treaty of Frankfurt.
• 1608 – In Ireland, O'Doherty's Rebellion is launched by the Burning of Derry
• 1677 – The French army captures the town of Cambrai held by Spanish troops.
• 1713 – With no living male heirs, Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor, issues the Pragmatic Sanction of 1713 to ensure that Habsburg lands and the Austrian throne would be inherited by his daughter, Maria Theresa (not actually born until 1717).
• 1770 – Captain James Cook, still holding the rank of lieutenant, sights the eastern coast of what is now Australia.
• 1770 – Marie Antoinette marries Louis XVI of France in a proxy wedding.
• 1775 – American Revolutionary War: The war begins with an American victory in Concord during the battles of Lexington and Concord.
• 1782 – John Adams secures the Dutch Republic's recognition of the United States as an independent government. The house which he had purchased in The Hague, Netherlands becomes the first American embassy.
• 1809 – An Austrian corps is defeated by the forces of the Duchy of Warsaw in the Battle of Raszyn, part of the struggles of the Fifth Coalition. On the same day the Austrian main army is defeated by a First French Empire Corps led by Louis-Nicolas Davout at the Battle of Teugen-Hausen in Bavaria, part of a four-day campaign that ended in a French victory.
• 1810 – Venezuela achieves home rule: Vicente Emparán, Governor of the Captaincy General is removed by the people of Caracas and a junta is installed.
• 1839 – The Treaty of London establishes Belgium as a kingdom and guaranteeing its neutrality.
• 1855 – Visit of Napoleon III to Guildhall, London
• 1861 – American Civil War: Baltimore riot of 1861: A pro-Secession mob in Baltimore, attacks United States Army troops marching through the city.
• 1865 – Funeral service for Abraham Lincoln is held in the East Room of the White House.
• 1892 – Charles Duryea claims to have driven the first automobile in the United States, in Springfield, Massachusetts.
• 1897 – Léo Taxil exposes his own fabrications concerning Freemasonry
• 1903 – The Kishinev pogrom in Kishinev (Bessarabia) begins, forcing tens of thousands of Jews to later seek refuge in Palestine and the Western world.
• 1919 – Leslie Irvin of the United States makes the first successful voluntary free-fall parachute jump using a new kind of self-contained parachute.
• 1927 – Mae West is sentenced to ten days in jail for obscenity for her play Sex.
• 1928 – The 125th and final fascicle of the Oxford English Dictionary is published.
• 1942 – World War II: In Poland, the Majdan-Tatarski ghetto is established, situated between the Lublin Ghetto and a Majdanek subcamp.
• 1943 – Swiss chemist Dr. Albert Hofmann deliberately takes LSD for the first time.
• 1943 – World War II: In Poland, the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising begins, after German troops enter the Warsaw Ghetto to round up the remaining Jews.
• 1948 – Burma joins the United Nations.
• 1950 – Argentina becomes a signatory to the Buenos Aires copyright treaty.
• 1951 – General Douglas MacArthur retires from the military.
• 1954 – The Constituent Assembly of Pakistan recognises Urdu and Bengali as the national languages of Pakistan.
• 1956 – Actress Grace Kelly marries Prince Rainier of Monaco.
• 1960 – Students in South Korea hold a nationwide pro-democracy protest against president Syngman Rhee, eventually forcing him to resign.
• 1971 – Sierra Leone becomes a republic, and Siaka Stevens the president.
• 1971 – Vietnam War: Vietnam Veterans Against the War begin "Operation Dewey Canyon III", a five-day demonstration in Washington, D.C.
• 1971 – Launch of Salyut 1, the first space station.
• 1971 – Charles Manson is sentenced to death (later commuted life imprisonment) for conspiracy to commit the Tate–LaBianca murders.
• 1973 – The Portuguese Socialist Party is founded in the German town of Bad Münstereifel.
• 1975 – India's first satellite, Aryabhata, is launched.
• 1984 – Advance Australia Fair is proclaimed as Australia's national anthem, and green and gold as the national colours.
• 1985 – U.S.S.R performs nuclear tests at Eastern Kazakhstan/Semipalatinsk.
• 1985 – Two hundred ATF and FBI agents lay siege to the compound of the neo-Nazi survivalist group The Covenant, The Sword, and the Arm of the Lord in Arkansas. The CSA surrenders two days later.
• 1987 – The Simpsons premieres as a short cartoon on The Tracey Ullman Show.
• 1989 – A gun turret explodes on the USS Iowa, killing 47 sailors.
• 1993 – The 51-day FBI siege of the Branch Davidian building outside Waco, Texas, USA, ends when a fire breaks out. Eighty-one people die.
• 1993 – South Dakota governor George Mickelson and seven others are killed when a state-owned aircraft crashes in Iowa.
• 1995 – Oklahoma City bombing: The Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, USA, is bombed, killing 168.
• 1997 – The 1997 Red River Flood overwhelms the city of Grand Forks, North Dakota. Fire breaks out and spreads in downtown Grand Forks, but high water levels hamper efforts to reach the fire, leading to the destruction of 11 buildings.
• 1999 – The German Bundestag returns to Berlin, the first German parliamentary body to meet there since the Reichstag was dissolved in 1933.
• 2000 – Security guard David Sanes killed in accidental bombing in Vieques, Puerto Rico that resulted in U.S. Navy closing down its bombing range there.
• 2011 – Fidel Castro resigns from the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Cuba after 45 years of holding the title.
• 2013 – Boston Marathon bombings suspect Tamerlan Tsarnaev is killed in a shootout with police. His brother Dzhokhar Tsarnaev is captured while hiding in a boat inside a backyard in Watertown, Massachusetts.

Births

• 626 – Eanflæd, English nun and saint (d. 685)
• 1603 – Michel Le Tellier, French politician, French Minister of Defence (d. 1685)
• 1613 – Christoph Bach, German pianist (d. 1661)
• 1658 – Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine, German husband of Archduchess Maria Anna Josepha of Austria (d. 1716)
• 1660 – Sebastián Durón, Spanish composer (d. 1716)
• 1665 – Jacques Lelong, French author (d. 1721)
• 1686 – Vasily Tatishchev, Russian ethnographer and politician (d. 1750)
• 1715 – James Nares, English organist and composer (d. 1783)
• 1721 – Roger Sherman, American lawyer and politician (d. 1793)
• 1734 – Karl von Ordóñez, Austrian violinist and composer (d. 1786)
• 1757 – Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth, English admiral and politician (d. 1833)
• 1758 – William Carnegie, 7th Earl of Northesk, Scottish admiral (d. 1831)
• 1785 – Alexandre Pierre François Boëly, French pianist and composer (d. 1858)
• 1787 – Deaf Smith, American soldier (d. 1837)
• 1793 – Ferdinand I of Austria (d. 1875)
• 1814 – Louis Amédée Achard, French journalist and author (d. 1875)
• 1832 – José Echegaray, Spanish poet and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1916)
• 1835 – Julius Krohn, Finnish poet and journalist (d. 1888)
• 1874 – Ernst Rüdin, Swiss psychiatrist, geneticist, and eugenicist (d. 1952)
• 1877 – Ole Evinrude, Norwegian-American engineer, invented the outboard motor (d. 1934)
• 1879 – Arthur Robertson, Scottish runner (d. 1957)
• 1882 – Getúlio Vargas, Brazilian lawyer and politician, 14th President of Brazil (d. 1954)
• 1883 – Henry Jameson, American soccer player (d. 1938)
• 1883 – Richard von Mises, Austrian-American mathematician and physicist (d. 1953)
• 1885 – Karl Tarvas, Estonian architect (d. 1975)
• Otto Georg Thierack, German jurist and politician (d. 1946)
• 1891 – Françoise Rosay, French actress and singer (d. 1974)
• 1892 – Germaine Tailleferre, French composer and educator (d. 1983)
• 1894 – Elizabeth Dilling, American author and activist (d. 1966)
• 1897 – Peter de Noronha, Indian businessman and philanthropist (d. 1970)
• 1897 – Jiroemon Kimura, Japanese super-centenarian (d. 2013)
• 1897 – Constance Talmadge, American actress and producer (d. 1973)
• Cemal Tollu, Turkish lieutenant and painter (d. 1968)
• 1900 – Richard Hughes, English author, poet, and playwright (d. 1976)
• 1900 – Roland Michener, Canadian lawyer and politician, 20th Governor General of Canada (d. 1991)
• 1902 – Veniamin Kaverin, Russian author and screenwriter (d. 1989)
• 1903 – Eliot Ness, American lawman (d. 1957)
• 1907 – Alan Wheatley, English actor (d. 1991)
• Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1999)
• 1913 – Ken Carpenter, American discus thrower and coach (d. 1984)
• 1917 – Sven Hassel, Danish-German soldier and author (d. 2012)
• 1919 – Sol Kaplan, American pianist and composer (d. 1990)
• 1920 – Gene Leis, American guitarist, composer, and producer (d. 1993)
• 1920 – Marvin Mandel, American lawyer and politician, 56th Governor of Maryland (d. 2015)
• 1920 – John O'Neil, American baseball player and manager (d. 2012)
• 1920 – Julien Ries, Belgian cardinal (d. 2013)
• 1921 – Anna Lee Aldred, American jockey (d. 2006)
• 1921 – Roberto Tucci, Italian cardinal and theologian (d. 2015)
• 1922 – Erich Hartmann, German colonel and pilot (d. 1993)
• 1925 – John Kraaijkamp, Sr., Dutch actor (d. 2011)
• 1925 – Hugh O'Brian, American actor and singer
• 1926 – Rawya Ateya, Egyptian captain and politician (d. 1997)
• 1927 – Mr. Kenneth, American hairdresser (d. 2013)
• 1928 – John Horlock, English engineer and academic (d. 2015)
• 1928 – Alexis Korner, French-English singer-songwriter and guitarist (Blues Incorporated and Collective Consciousness Society) (d. 1984)
• 1928 – Azlan Shah of Perak (d. 2014)
• 1930 – Ewan Jamieson, New Zealand air marshal (d. 2013)
• 1930 – Dick Sargent, American actor (d. 1994)
• Garfield Morgan, English actor (d. 2009)
• 1931 – Walter Stewart, Canadian journalist and author (d. 2004)
• 1932 – Fernando Botero, Colombian painter and sculptor
• 1933 – Dickie Bird, English cricketer and umpire
• 1933 – Jayne Mansfield, American model, actress, and singer (d. 1967)
• 1933 – Philip Lavallin Wroughton, English captain and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Berkshire
• 1934 – Ox Baker, American wrestler and actor (d. 2014)
• 1934 – Dickie Goodman, American singer-songwriter and producer (d. 1989)
• 1935 – Dudley Moore, English actor, screenwriter, and composer (d. 2002)
• 1935 – Justin Francis Rigali, American cardinal
• 1936 – Wilfried Martens, Belgian politician, 60th Prime Minister of Belgium (d. 2013)
• 1936 – Jack Pardee, American football player and coach (d. 2013)
• 1937 – Antonio Carluccio, Italian-English chef and author
• 1937 – Elinor Donahue, American actress and singer
• 1937 – Joseph Estrada, Filipino actor, producer, and politician, 13th President of the Philippines
• 1938 – Stanley Fish, American theorist, author, and scholar
• 1939 – E. Clay Shaw, Jr., American accountant, judge, and politician (d. 2013)
• 1940 – Dougal Haston, Scottish mountaineer (d. 1977)
• 1940 – Genya Ravan, American singer-songwriter and producer (Goldie and the Gingerbreads and Ten Wheel Drive)
• 1941 – Priit Aimla, Estonian author, poet, and playwright
• 1941 – Roberto Carlos, Brazilian singer-songwriter and actor
• 1941 – Michel Roux, French-English chef and author
• 1941 – Bobby Russell, American singer-songwriter (d. 1992)
• 1942 – Bas Jan Ader, Dutch-American photographer and director (d. 1975)
• 1942 – Alan Price, English keyboard player and songwriter (The Animals)
• 1942 – Jack Roush, American businessman, founded Roush Fenway Racing
• 1942 – Maarten van den Bergh, American-Dutch businessman
• 1943 – Eve Graham, Scottish singer (The New Seekers)
• 1943 – Margo MacDonald, Scottish journalist and politician (d. 2014)
• 1943 – Lorenzo Sanz, Spanish businessman
• 1944 – Keith Erickson, American basketball player and sportscaster
• 1944 – James Heckman, American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1944 – Bernie Worrell, American keyboard player and songwriter (Parliament-Funkadelic, Praxis, and Colonel Claypool's Bucket of Bernie Brains)
• 1946 – Duygu Asena, Turkish journalist, author, and activist (d. 2006)
• 1946 – Tim Curry, English actor, singer, and producer
• 1946 – Euphrosyne Doxiadis, Greek-French painter and author
• 1946 – Mary Jo Slater, American casting director and producer
• 1947 – Murray Perahia, American pianist and conductor
• 1947 – Wilfrid Stevenson, Baron Stevenson of Balmacara, English civil servant
• 1947 – Yan Pascal Tortelier, French violinist and conductor
• 1947 – Mark Volman, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (The Turtles, Flo & Eddie, and The Mothers of Invention)
• 1948 – Stuart McLean, Canadian radio host and author
• 1948 – Rick Miller, American baseball player and manager
• 1949 – Paloma Picasso, French-Spanish fashion designer
• 1949 – Larry Walters, American truck driver and pilot (d. 1993)
• 1950 – Julia Cleverdon, English businesswoman and philanthropist
• 1951 – Barry Brown, American actor and playwright (d. 1978)
• 1951 – Jóannes Eidesgaard, Faroese educator and politician, Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands
• 1952 – Alexis Argüello, Nicaraguan boxer and politician (d. 2009)
• 1952 – Tony Plana, Cuban-American actor and director
• 1952 – Michael Trend, English journalist and politician
• Winger, Dixie Dregs, Platypus, and The Jelly Jam)
• 1953 – Sara Simeoni, Italian high jumper
• 1953 – Ruby Wax, American-English comedian, actress, and screenwriter
• 1954 – Trevor Francis, English footballer and manager
• 1954 – Bob Rock, Canadian guitarist, songwriter, and producer (Payolas)
• 1956 – Sue Barker, English tennis player and journalist
• 1956 – Randy Carlyle, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1956 – Anne Glover, Scottish biologist and academic
• 1957 – Mukesh Ambani, Yemeni-Indian businessman
• 1957 – Tony Martin, English singer-songwriter (Black Sabbath, Giuntini Project, and Empire)
• 1958 – Steve Antin, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1958 – Denis O'Brien, Irish businessman, founded BT Ireland
• 1958 – Vytautas Šapranauskas, Lithuanian actor (d. 2013)
• 1959 – Jane Campbell, Baroness Campbell of Surbiton, English activist
• 1959 – Teofisto Guingona III, Filipino lawyer and politician
• 1959 – Donald Markwell, Australian sociologist and academic
• 1960 – Nicoletta Braschi, Italian actress and producer
• 1960 – Ara Gevorgyan, Armenian pianist, composer, and producer
• 1960 – Roger Merrett, Australian footballer and coach
• 1960 – John Schweitz, American basketball player and coach
• 1960 – Frank Viola, American baseball player and coach
• 1961 – Albert Martinez, Filipino actor, director, and producer
• 1961 – Spike Owen, American baseball player and coach
• 1961 – Richard Phelps, English pentathlete
• 1962 – Al Unser Jr., American race car driver
• 1964 – Gordon Marshall, Scottish footballer and coach
• 1964 – Kim Weaver, American astrophysicist, astronomer, and academic
• 1965 – Natalie Dessay, French soprano and actress
• 1965 – Suge Knight, American record producer, co-founded Death Row Records
• 1966 – Véronique Gens, French soprano and actress
• 1966 – Brett J. Gladman, Canadian astronomer and academic
• 1966 – David La Haye, Canadian actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1966 – Julia Neigel, Russian-German singer-songwriter and producer
• 1966 – El Samurai, Japanese wrestler
• 1967 – Philippe Saint-André, French rugby player and coach
• 1967 – Steven H Silver, American journalist and author
• 1967 – Dar Williams, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (Cry Cry Cry)
• 1968 – Mswati III of Swaziland
• 1968 – Ashley Judd, American actress and producer
• 1968 – Pascal Kleiman, Spanish DJ, producer, and songwriter
• 1968 – Arshad Warsi, Indian actor, singer, and producer
• 1969 – Andrew Carnie, Canadian-American linguist, author, and academic
• 1969 – Jesse James, American motorcycle builder, founded West Coast Choppers
• 1969 – Susan Polgar, Hungarian-American chess player
• 1970 – Kelly Holmes, English runner
• 1970 – Luis Miguel, Mexican singer-songwriter and producer
• 1971 – Gad Elmaleh, Moroccan-French actor, director, and screenwriter
• 1971 – You Hee-yeol, South Korean singer-songwriter (Toy)
• 1972 – Rivaldo, Brazilian footballer
• 1972 – Binnur Kaya, Turkish actress
• 1972 – Jeff Wilkins, American football player
• George Gregan, Zambian-Australian rugby player and coach
• 1973 – Alessio Scarpi, Italian footballer
• 1974 – Akara Amarttayakul, Thai actor
• 1975 – Jason Gillespie, Australian cricketer and coach
• 1975 – Jussi Jääskeläinen, Finnish footballer
• 1975 – Hugh O'Conor, Irish actor
• 1976 – Ruud Jolie, Dutch guitarist (Within Temptation and Maiden uniteD)
• 1976 – Scott Padgett, American basketball player, coach, and radio host
• 1976 – Kim Young-oh, South Korean author and illustrator
• 1977 – Joe Beimel, American baseball player
• 1977 – Anju Bobby George, Indian long jumper
• 1977 – Lucien Mettomo, Cameroonian footballer
• 1977 – Dennys Reyes, Mexican baseball player
• 1977 – Jonny Storm, English wrestler and trainer
• 1978 – James Franco, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1978 – Gabriel Heinze, Argentinian footballer
• 1978 – Amanda Sage, American-Austrian painter and educator
• 1979 – Rocky Bernard, American football player
• 1979 – Kate Hudson, American actress, singer, and producer
• 1979 – Zhao Junzhe, Chinese footballer
• 1979 – Nicole Raczynski, American wrestler
• 1979 – Antoaneta Stefanova, Bulgarian chess player
• 1980 – Jason Blaine, Canadian singer-songwriter
• 1980 – Robyn Regehr, Brazilian-Canadian ice hockey player
• 1980 – Alexis Thorpe, American actress
• 1981 – Hayden Christensen, Canadian-American actor and producer
• 1981 – Ryuta Hara, Japanese footballer
• 1981 – Martin Havlát, Czech ice hockey player
• 1981 – Kasie Head, American model and actress, Miss Oklahoma USA 2002
• 1981 – James Hibberd, English cricketer
• 1981 – Napakpapha Nakprasitte, Thai actress
• 1981 – Troy Polamalu, American football player
• 1981 – Catalina Sandino Moreno, Colombian actress
• 1982 – Joseph Hagerty, American gymnast
• 1982 – Filip Jícha, Czech handball player
• 1982 – Samuel C. Morrison, Jr., Liberian-American journalist, producer, and screenwriter
• 1982 – Rocco Sabato, Italian footballer
• 1982 – Ignacio Serricchio, Argentinian-American actor
• 1982 – Sitiveni Sivivatu, New Zealand rugby player
• 1983 – Alberto Callaspo, Venezuelan-American baseball player
• 1983 – Zach Duke, American baseball player
• 1983 – Joe Mauer, American baseball player
• 1983 – Patrick Platins, German footballer
• 1983 – Curtis Thigpen, American baseball player
• 1984 – Lee Da-hae, South Korean actress and singer
• 1984 – Christopher Pearce, English cricketer
• 1985 – Valon Behrami, Swiss footballer
• 1985 – Jan Zimmermann, German footballer
• 1986 – Maxine, American wrestler and actress
• 1986 – Pascal Angan, Beninese footballer
• 1986 – Heather Kuzmich, American model
• 1986 – Zhou Mi, Chinese singer-songwriter and actor (Super Junior-M and SM the Ballad)
• 1986 – Candace Parker, American basketball player
• 1986 – Gabe Pruitt, American basketball player
• 1986 – Will Thursfield, English-Australian footballer
• 1987 – Oksana Akinshina, Russian actress
• 1987 – David Cavazos, Mexican singer-songwriter
• 1987 – Luigi Giorgi, Italian footballer
• 1987 – Joe Hart, English footballer
• 1987 – Courtland Mead, American actor
• 1987 – Daniel Schuhmacher, German singer-songwriter
• 1987 – Maria Sharapova, Russian tennis player
• 1987 – Lauren Wilson, Canadian figure skater
• 1988 – Enrique Esqueda, Mexican footballer
• 1988 – Haruna Kojima, Japanese singer and actress (AKB48 and no3b)
• 1988 – Saya Yūki, Japanese actress
• 1989 – Dominik Mader, German footballer
• 1989 – Kristen O'Connor, American singe-songwriter and guitarist
• 1989 – Belinda Owusu, English actress
• 1989 – Daisuke Watabe, Japanese footballer
• 1990 – Jackie Bradley, Jr., American baseball player
• 1990 – Kim Chiu, Filipino actress, singer, and dancer
• 1990 – Héctor Miguel Herrera, Mexican footballer
• 1990 – Kim Him-chan, South Korean singer and dancer (B.A.P)
• 1990 – Gretchen Ho, Filipino volleyball player and television host
• 1990 – Damien Le Tallec, French footballer
• 1990 – Teo Olivares, American actor
• 1990 – Patrick Wiegers, German footballer
• 1991 – Steve Cook, English footballer
• 1991 – Kelly Olynyk, Canadian basketball player
• 1992 – Paul-Jose M'Poku, Belgian footballer
• 1993 – Sebastian de Souza, English actor
• 1995 – Akira Saitō, Japanese actress

Deaths

• 1012 – Ælfheah of Canterbury, English archbishop and saint (b. 954)
• 1044 – Gothelo I, Duke of Lorraine, (b. 967)
• 1054 – Pope Leo IX (b. 1002)
• 1321 – Gerasimus I of Constantinople
• 1390 – Robert II of Scotland (b. 1316)
• 1560 – Philipp Melanchthon, German theologian and reformer (b. 1497)
• 1567 – Michael Stifel, German monk and mathematician (b. 1487)
• 1578 – Uesugi Kenshin, Japanese daimyo (b. 1530)
• 1588 – Paolo Veronese, Italian painter (b. 1528)
• 1608 – Thomas Sackville, 1st Earl of Dorset, English poet, playwright, and politician, Lord High Treasurer (b. 1536)
• 1618 – Thomas Bastard, English priest and author (b. 1566)
• 1629 – Sigismondo d'India, Italian composer (b. 1582)
• 1686 – Antonio de Solís y Ribadeneyra, Spanish historian and playwright (b. 1610)
• 1689 – Christina, Queen of Sweden (b. 1626)
• 1733 – Elizabeth Hamilton, Countess of Orkney (b. 1655)
• 1739 – Nicholas Saunderson, English mathematician and academic (b. 1682)
• 1768 – Canaletto, Italian painter and etcher (b. 1697)
• 1776 – Jacob Emden, German rabbi and author (b. 1697)
• 1783 – Filip Lastrić, Bosnian friar and writer (b. 1700)
• 1791 – Richard Price, Welsh-English preacher and philosopher (b. 1723)
• 1813 – Benjamin Rush, American physician and educator (b. 1745)
• 1824 – Lord Byron, English-Scottish poet and playwright (b. 1788)
• 1831 – Johann Gottlieb Friedrich von Bohnenberger, German astronomer and mathematician (b. 1765)
• 1833 – James Gambier, 1st Baron Gambier, Bahamian-English admiral and politician, 36th Commodore Governor of Newfoundland (b. 1756)
• 1840 – Jean-Jacques Lartigue, Canadian bishop (b. 1777)
• 1854 – Robert Jameson, Scottish mineralogist and academic (b. 1774)
• 1881 – Benjamin Disraeli, English journalist and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1804)
• 1882 – Charles Darwin, English biologist and theorist (b. 1809)
• 1892 – Pelham Dale, English priest (b. 1821)
• 1893 – Martin Körber, Estonian-German pastor, composer, and conductor (b. 1817)
• 1901 – Alfred Horatio Belo, American publisher, founded The Dallas Morning News (b. 1839)
• 1906 – Pierre Curie, French physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1859)
• 1906 – Spencer Gore, English tennis player and cricketer (b. 1850)
• 1914 – Charles Sanders Peirce, American mathematician and philosopher (b. 1839)
• 1916 – Ephraim Shay, American engineer, designed the Shay locomotive (b. 1839)
• 1926 – Alexander Alexandrovich Chuprov, Russian-Swiss statistician and theorist (b. 1874)
• Georges-Casimir Dessaulles, Canadian businessman and politician (b. 1827)
• 1937 – Martin Conway, 1st Baron Conway of Allington, English cartographer and politician (b. 1856)
• 1937 – William Morton Wheeler, American entomologist and zoologist (b. 1865)
• 1941 – Johanna Müller-Hermann, Austrian composer (b. 1878)
• 1949 – Ulrich Salchow, Danish-Swedish figure skater (b. 1877)
• 1950 – Ernst Robert Curtius, French-German philologist and scholar (b. 1886)
• 1955 – Jim Corbett, Indian colonel, hunter, and author (b. 1875)
• 1958 – Artur Kukk, Estonian wrestler (b. 1899)
• 1960 – Beardsley Ruml, American economist and statistician (b. 1894)
• 1961 – Max Hainle, German swimmer (b. 1882)
• 1966 – Eduards Smiļģis, Latvian actor and director (b. 1886)
• 1966 – Javier Solís, Mexican singer and actor (b. 1931)
• 1967 – Konrad Adenauer, German politician, 1st Chancellor of Germany (b. 1876)
• 1971 – Luigi Piotti, Italian race car driver (b. 1913)
• 1975 – Percy Lavon Julian, American chemist and academic (b. 1899)
• 1988 – Kwon Ki-ok, North Korean pilot (b. 1901)
• 1989 – Daphne du Maurier, English author and playwright (b. 1907)
• 1991 – Stanley Hawes, English-Australian director and producer (b. 1905)
• 1992 – Frankie Howerd, English actor and screenwriter (b. 1917)
• 1993 – David Koresh, American religious leader (b. 1959)
• 1993 – Governor of South Dakota (b. 1941)
• 1993 – Timos Perlegas, Greek actor (b. 1938)
• 1993 – Joseph Wallace, American murder victim (b. 1990)
• 1996 – John Martin Scripps, English murderer (b. 1959)
• 1997 – Eldon Hoke, American singer and drummer (Mentors and The Screamers) (b. 1958)
• 1998 – Octavio Paz, Mexican poet, philosopher, and academic Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1914)
• 1999 – Hermine Braunsteiner, Austrian-German SS officer (b. 1919)
• 1999 – David Sanes, Puerto Rican security guard (b. 1954)
• 2000 – Louis Applebaum, Canadian composer and conductor (b. 1918)
• 2001 – Meldrim Thomson, Jr.. American publisher and politician, 73rd Governor of New Hampshire (b. 1912)
• 2003 – Mirza Tahir Ahmad, Indian-English caliph (b. 1928)
• 2004 – Norris McWhirter, English author and activist co-founded the Guinness World Records (b. 1925)
• 2004 – John Maynard Smith, English biologist and geneticist (b. 1920)
• George P. Cosmatos, Italian-Greek director and screenwriter (b. 1941)
• 2005 – Ruth Hussey, American actress (b. 1911)
• 2005 – Clement Meadmore, Australian-American sculptor and author (b. 1929)
• 2005 – Niels-Henning Ørsted Pedersen, Danish bassist and composer (b. 1946)
• 2006 – Albert Scott Crossfield, American engineer, pilot, and astronaut (b. 1921)
• 2007 – Jean-Pierre Cassel, French actor and singer (b. 1932)
• 2007 – Helen Walton, American businesswomen (b. 1919)
• 2008 – John Marzano, American baseball player and sportscaster (b. 1963)
• 2008 – Alfonso López Trujillo, Colombian cardinal (b. 1935)
• 2009 – J. G. Ballard, Chinese-English author (b. 1930)
• 2010 – Guru, American rapper, producer, and actor (Gang Starr) (b. 1961)
• 2010 – Edwin Valero, Venezuelan boxer (b. 1981)
• 2010 – Carl Williams, Australian murderer and drug trafficker (b. 1970)
• 2011 – Elisabeth Sladen, English actress (b. 1946)
• 2012 – Leopold David de Rothschild, English financier and philanthropist (b. 1927)
• 2012 – Greg Ham, Australian saxophonist, songwriter, and actor (Men at Work) (b. 1953)
• 2012 – Levon Helm, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor (The Band) (b. 1940)
• 2012 – Murtaza Razvi, Pakistani journalist (b. 1964)
• 2012 – Valeri Vasiliev, Russian ice hockey player (b. 1949)
• 2013 – Sivanthi Adithan, Indian businessman (b. 1936)
• 2013 – Allan Arbus, American actor and photographer (b. 1918)
• 2013 – Günseli Başar, Turkish model, Miss Europe 1952 (b. 1932)
• 2013 – Mike Denness, Scottish-English cricketer and referee (b. 1940)
• 2013 – Patrick Garland, English actor and director (b. 1935)
• 2013 – François Jacob, French biologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1920)
• 2013 – E. L. Konigsburg, American author and illustrator (b. 1930)
• 2013 – Al Neuharth, American journalist, author, and publisher, founded USA Today (b. 1924)
• 2013 – Tamerlan Tsarnaev, Russian-American terrorist (b. 1986)
• 2014 – Bashir Ahmad, Indian-Bangladeshi singer-songwriter (b. 1940)
• 2014 – Lindy Berry, American football player (b. 1927)
• 2014 – Mimi Kok, Dutch actress and singer (b. 1934)
• 2014 – Ian McIntyre, Scottish journalist and producer (b. 1930)
• 2014 – Kevin Sharp, American singer (b. 1970)
• 2014 – Sonia Silvestre, Dominican singer (b. 1952)
• 2014 – Frits Thors, Dutch journalist (b. 1909)
• 2015 – Raymond Carr, English historian and academic (b. 1919)
• 2015 – William Price Fox, American journalist and author (b. 1926)
• 2015 – Freddie Gray, American murder victim (b. 1989)
• 2015 – Roy Mason, English miner and politician, Secretary of State for Defence (b. 1924)
• 2015 – Tom McCabe, Scottish social worker and politician (b. 1954)
• 2015 – Hiroyuki Nishimoto, Japanese actor (b. 1927)
• 2015 – Oktay Sinanoğlu, Italian-Turkish chemist and academic (b. 1935)

Holidays and observances

• Beginning of the Independence Movement (Venezuela)
• Bicycle Day
• Christian feast day:
  • Ælfheah of Canterbury (Anglican, Catholic)
  • Emma of Lesum
  • Expeditus
  • George of Antioch
  • Olaus and Laurentius Petri (Lutheran)
  • Pope Leo IX
  • April 19 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Dutch-American Friendship Day (United States)
• Earliest day on which First Day of Summer or Sumardagurinn fyrsti can fall, while April 25 is the latest; celebrated on the first Thursday after April 18. (Iceland)
• King Mswati III's birthday (Swaziland)
• Patriots' Day (Massachusetts, Maine, Wisconsin)
• Primrose Day (United Kingdom)
• Landing of the 33 Patriots Day (Uruguay)
• National Health Day (Kiribati)

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• : On This DayThe New York Times
• On This Day in Canada