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Child-Pugh score

 

Child-Pugh score

In medicine (gastroenterology), the Child-Pugh score (sometimes the Child-Turcotte-Pugh score) is used to assess the prognosis of chronic liver disease, mainly cirrhosis. Although it was originally used to predict mortality during surgery, it is now used to determine the prognosis, as well as the required strength of treatment and the necessity of liver transplantation.

Contents

  • Scoring 1
  • Interpretation 2
  • Related scoring systems 3
  • History 4
  • References 5
  • External links 6

Scoring

The score employs five clinical measures of liver disease. Each measure is scored 1-3, with 3 indicating most severe derangement.[1]

Measure 1 point 2 points 3 points
Total bilirubin, μmol/l (mg/dl) <34 (<2) 34-50 (2-3) >50 (>3)
Serum albumin, g/dl >3.5 2.8-3.5 <2.8
Prothrombin time, prolongation (secs) <4.0 4.0-6.0 > 6.0
Ascites None Mild Moderate to Severe
Hepatic encephalopathy None Grade I-II (or suppressed with medication) Grade III-IV (or refractory)

Different textbooks and publications use different measures. Some older reference works substitute Prothrombin time (PT) prolongation for International normalized ratio (INR).

In primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), the bilirubin references are changed to reflect the fact that these diseases feature high conjugated bilirubin levels. The upper limit for 1 point is 68 μmol/l (4 mg/dl) and the upper limit for 2 points is 170 μmol/l (10 mg/dl).

Interpretation

Chronic liver disease is classified into Child-Pugh class A to C, employing the added score from above.[1]

Points Class One year survival Two year survival
5-6 A 100% 85%
7-9 B 81% 57%
10-15 C 45% 35%

Related scoring systems

History

Dr C.G. Child and Dr J.G. Turcotte of the University of Michigan first proposed the scoring system in 1964 in a textbook on liver disease.[2] It was modified by Pugh et al in 1972 in a report on surgical treatment of bleeding from esophageal varices.[3] They replaced Child's criterion of nutritional status with the prothrombin time or INR, and assigned scores of 1-3 to each variable.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c Cholongitas, E; Papatheodoridis, GV; Vangeli, M; Terreni, N; Patch, D; Burroughs, AK (Dec 2005). "Systematic review: The model for end-stage liver disease--should it replace Child-Pugh's classification for assessing prognosis in cirrhosis?". Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 22 (11-12): 1079–89.  
  2. ^ Child CG, Turcotte JG (1964). "Surgery and portal hypertension". In Child CG. The liver and portal hypertension. Philadelphia: Saunders. pp. 50–64. 
  3. ^ Pugh RN, Murray-Lyon IM, Dawson JL, Pietroni MC,  

External links

  • Child-Pugh calculator from LiverpoolMedics
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