Corneal ectatic disorders

The "conical cornea" that is characteristic of keratoconus.

Corneal ectatic disorders or corneal ectasia are a group of uncommon, noninflammatory, eye disorders characterised by bilateral thinning of the central, paracentral, or peripheral cornea.^[1]

Keratoconus, a progressive, noninflammatory, bilateral, asymmetric disease, characterized by paraxial stromal thinning and weakening that leads to corneal surface distortion.^[2]
Keratoglobus, a rare noninflammatory corneal thinning disorder, characterised by generalised thinning and globular protrusion of the cornea.^[3]
Pellucid marginal degeneration, a bilateral, noninflammatory disorder, characterized by a peripheral band of thinning of the inferior cornea.^[4]
Posterior keratoconus, a rare condition, usually congenital, which causes a nonprogressive thinning of the inner surface of the cornea, while the curvature of the anterior surface remains normal. Usually only a single eye is affected.
Post-LASIK ectasia, a complication of LASIK eye surgery.^[5]
Terrien's marginal degeneration, a painless, noninflammatory, unilateral or asymmetrically bilateral, slowly progressive thinning of the peripheral corneal stroma.^[6]

Treatment

Treatment options include contact lenses and intrastromal corneal ring segments for correcting refractive errors caused by irregular corneal surface,^[7]^[8] corneal collagen cross-linking to strengthen a weak and ectatic cornea,^[9] or corneal transplant for advanced cases.

References

^ "Corneal ectatic disorders (keratoconus and pellucid marginal degeneration)". AAO ONE Network.
^ Weissman, Barry A; Yeung, Karen K. "Keratoconus". Medscape.
^ Wallang, B S; Das, S (28 June 2013). "Keratoglobus". Eye 27 (9): 1004–1012.
^ Rasheed, Karim; Rabinowitz, Yaron. "Pellucid Marginal Degeneration".
^ "Ectasia After LASIK". American Academy of Ophthalmology.
^ "Terrien marginal degeneration". American Academy of Ophthalmology.
^ Marsack, Jason D.; Parker, Katrina E.; Applegate, Raymond A. (December 2008). "Performance of Wavefront-Guided Soft Lenses in Three Keratoconus Subjects". Optometry and Vision Science 85 (12): E1172–E1178.
^ Marsack, JD; Parker, KE; Niu, Y; Pesudovs, K; Applegate, RA (November 2007). "On-eye performance of custom wavefront-guided soft contact lenses in a habitual soft lens-wearing keratoconic patient.". Journal of refractive surgery (Thorofare, N.J. : 1995) 23 (9): 960–4.
^ Avni-Zauberman, N; Rootman, DS (November 2014). "Cross-linking and intracorneal ring segments--review of the literature.". Eye & contact lens 40 (6): 365–70.

External links

International Journal of Keratoconus and Ectatic Corneal Diseases

Eye disease : Pathology of the eye (H00–H59
360–379)

Adnexa

Eyelid

Inflammation	Stye Chalazion Blepharitis

Entropion Ectropion Lagophthalmos Blepharochalasis Ptosis Blepharophimosis Xanthelasma

Eyelash	Trichiasis Madarosis

Lacrimal apparatus

Orbit

Conjunctiva

Globe

Fibrous tunic

Sclera	Scleritis Episcleritis

Cornea	Keratitis herpetic acanthamoebic fungal Corneal ulcer Photokeratitis Thygeson's superficial punctate keratopathy Corneal dystrophy Fuchs' Meesmann Corneal ectasia Keratoconus Pellucid marginal degeneration (PMD) Keratoglobus Terrien's marginal degeneration Keratoconjunctivitis sicca Corneal neovascularization Kayser–Fleischer ring Haab's striae Arcus senilis Band keratopathy

Vascular tunic

Iris Ciliary body	Uveitis Intermediate uveitis Hyphema Rubeosis iridis Persistent pupillary membrane Iridodialysis Synechia

Choroid	Choroideremia Choroiditis Chorioretinitis

Lens

Retina

Other

Pathways

Optic nerve
Optic disc

Optic neuritis optic papillitis Papilledema Foster Kennedy syndrome Optic atrophy Optic disc drusen

Optic neuropathy	Ischemic anterior (AION) posterior (PION) Kjer's Leber's hereditary Toxic and nutritional

Strabismus
Extraocular muscles
Binocular vision
Accommodation

Paralytic strabismus

Ophthalmoparesis Chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia Kearns–Sayre syndrome

palsies	Oculomotor (III) Fourth-nerve (IV) Sixth-nerve (VI)

Other strabismus

Other binocular

Refraction

Vision disorders
Blindness

Amblyopia Leber's congenital amaurosis Diplopia Scotoma Color blindness Achromatopsia Dichromacy Monochromacy Nyctalopia Oguchi disease Blindness / Vision loss / Visual impairment

Anopsia	Hemianopsia binasal bitemporal homonymous Quadrantanopia

subjective	Asthenopia Hemeralopia Photophobia Scintillating scotoma

Pupil

Other

Infections

Trachoma Onchocerciasis

Index of the eye

Description	Phenomena

Disease

Treatment	Drugs

Categories

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Corneal ectatic disorders