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The guitarrón chileno (literally: "large Chilean guitar") is a plucked string instrument with 24 or 25 strings from Chile. Its origin dates back to the 16th century. It is used to accompany el Canto del Poeta (the Poet Singing), an old chilena folk genre that cultivates décima and improvisation, known as payada. The themes embraced can be distinguished from Canto a lo Divino (solemn, religious, more prepared themes) and Canto a lo Humano (humorous, amorous, social criticism themes). This instrument is also used to perform in other musical forms like cuecas, tonadas, valses and polkas.[1]
As with most relatives of the guitar, the guitarrón chileno is constructed of wood and the same major sections may be distinguished in its construction:
Strings within a course are tuned either in unison or in octaves; tuning between courses is in fourths, except between the second and third courses where the interval is a major third. With the instrument held in playing position, the stringing is: devil, devil, 5-string course, 5-string course, 5-string course, 3-string course, 3-string course, devil, devil, and the tuning is:
F#5 • A4 • (D4) D4 D3 D3 D2 • G4 G4 G4 G3 G3 • (C4) C4 C4 C3 C2 • E4 E4 E4 • A4 A4 A4 • G4 • B4
Either the fifth course or the third course may sometimes have only four strings, depending on the individual instrument design.
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