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The musical works of Ludwig van Beethoven (1770–1827) are classified by both genre and various numbering systems.
The most common methods of numbering Beethoven's works are by opus number, assigned by Beethoven's publishers during his lifetime, and by number within genre. For example, the 14th string quartet, published as Opus 131, may be referenced either as "String Quartet No. 14" or "the Opus 131 String Quartet".
Many works that were unpublished or else published without opus numbers have been assigned either "WoO" (works without opus number) or "Anh" (appendix) numbers. For example, the short piano piece "Für Elise", is more fully known as the "Bagatelle in A minor, WoO 59 ('Für Elise')". Some works are also commonly referred to by their nicknames, such as the 'Kreutzer' Violin Sonata, or the Eroica Symphony.
The listings include all of these relevant identifiers. While other catalogues of Beethoven's works exist, the numbers here represent the most commonly used and widely known. Years in parentheses denote dates of composition or publication.
Beethoven wrote nine symphonies, nine concertos, and a variety of other orchestral music, ranging from overtures and incidental music for theatrical productions to other miscellaneous "occasional" works, written for a particular occasion. Of the concertos, seven are widely known (one violin concerto, five piano concertos, and one triple concerto for violin, piano, and cello); the other two are an unpublished early piano concerto (WoO 4) and an arrangement of the Violin Concerto for piano and orchestra (Opus 61a).
Beethoven is believed to have intended to write a Tenth Symphony in the last year of his life; a performing version of possible sketches was assembled by Barry Cooper.[1]
Beethoven wrote 16 string quartets and numerous other forms of chamber music, including piano trios, string trios, and sonatas for violin and cello with piano, as well as works with wind instruments.
The numbering of Beethoven's twelve piano trios is fairly arbitrary, and other than the three trios in Op. 1 as being Nos. 1 through 3, sources including both recordings and authoritative publications use other numberings from those shown here, or more frequently, none at all. It is more usual to identify a piano trio only by its catalog number and key.
In addition to the 32 celebrated sonatas, Beethoven's work for solo piano includes many one-movement pieces, more than twenty sets of variations, most unpublished in his lifetime or published without opus number, and over thirty bagatelles, including the well-known "Für Elise".
While he completed only one opera, Beethoven wrote vocal music throughout his life, including two Mass settings, other works for chorus and orchestra (in addition to the Ninth Symphony), arias, duets, art songs (lieder), and true song cycles.
The following is a list of Beethoven's works, sorted by Opus number, followed by works listed as WoO in the Kinsky–Halm Catalogue, and then works listed in the appendix of that catalog, which are given "Anh" numbers, whose composition by Beethoven has since been verified. These are followed by additional works listed in the catalog of Willy Hess that are not otherwise listed in the Kinsky–Halm Catalogue. The chronologically comprehensive Biamonti Catalogue is not listed here.
The numbers and categories used below are from the Kinsky–Halm Catalogue of 1955. WoO is an abbreviation of "Werke ohne Opuszahl", German for "Works without Opus number".
Orchestral works
Orchestra alone
Concertante
Dances
Marches and dances for winds
Chamber works Without piano
With piano
Piano works for 2 or 4 hands Sonatas and single-movement works
Variations
Cantatas, choruses and arias with orchestra
Works for multiple voices with piano accompaniment, or unaccompanied
Lieder and songs for solo voice and piano
Folksong arrangements for one or more voices, with piano trio accompaniment
Vocal canons
Musical jokes, quips, and dedications
These are works from the Appendix (Anhang in German) of Kinsky's catalog that were attributed to Beethoven at the time the catalog was compiled, but might not have been written by him.
These works have numbers that were assigned by Willy Hess. Many of the works in the Hess catalog also have WoO numbers; those entries are not listed here.
WorldCat, Infobox, Google, Ohio, Dewey Decimal Classification
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Romantic music, Joseph Haydn, Franz Liszt, Friedrich Schiller
Ballet, Opera, Harmony, Psychology, Tonality
Ludwig van Beethoven, Richard Wagner, Late string quartets (Beethoven), Franz Schubert, Cut time
Piano, Ludwig van Beethoven, Michael Lorenz (musicologist), A minor, Bagatelle (music)
Oclc, Ludwig van Beethoven, Willy Hess (composer), Franz Schubert, List of compositions by Ludwig van Beethoven
Ludwig van Beethoven, Friedrich Schiller, YouTube, Johannes Brahms, Internet Archive