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Paradoxism is an avant-garde movement in literature, art, philosophy, science, based on excessive use of antitheses, antinomies, contradictions, parables, odds, paradoxes in creations. It was set up by the editor since 1980’s and promulgates a counter-time/ counter-sense creation. Paradoxism started as an anti-totalitarian protest against a closed society, Romania of 1980’s. Why was the movement based on contradictions? Because we lived in that society a double life: an official one – propagated by the political system, and another one real. In mass-media it was promulgated that “our life is wonderful”, but in reality “our life was miserable”. The paradox flourishing! And then we took the creation in derision, in opposite sense, in a syncretic way. Thus the paradoxism was born....

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What is Philosophy? Is it the exclusive domain of those who dream in abstract? Or is it the manifestation of the struggle of those who practice in material? Does it originate in the minds of professors like a Ganges flowing out from the hair-locks of "Lord" Shiva? Or is it rustic and puerile, evolving into maturity through the experiences of common men. I started writing philosophy without actually knowing that I was writing one. To start with, it was an outlet to project my frustration in the form of writings. Pretty often, it carried abuses hurled at none in particular, but at the system through its agents. But I don’t know when those ramblings started getting matured into Philosophy and all puerility and abuses purified themselves on the way – a Ganges doesn’t become pure by its origin but by the treatment people give to it on its way. In my book “Writings @ Ankur Mutreja”, I included a section on my personal philosophy and thought nobody would be interested in reading it. But, fortunately, I have found some kind-hearted people, who have given me their valuable feedback. I am reproducing my philosophy below by selecting those top...

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An introduction to moral, political and economic philosophy. Twelve philosophers in each category are featured, their basic theories are examined and provide the basis for discussion....

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PARTI An Introduction to Clearer Thinking Chapter 1 Attitudes: How They Affect Our Thinking 3 Chapter 2 Classifying Viewpoints: Conservative and Liberal 12 Chapter 3 Epistemology and Logic 20 Chapter 4 Fallacies: Errors o f L anguage and Logic 32 PART 2 Moral Philosophy: Ideas of Good and Evil, Right and Wrong Chapter 5 Moral Philosophy: A Brief Introduction 47 Chapter 6 Plato and Aristotle: Idealism and Realism 55 Chapter 7 Epicurus and Epictetus: Pleasure and Apathy 65 Chapter 8 Aquinas and Descartes: Faith and Reason 72 Chapter 9 Hume, Bentham and Mill: Subjectivism and Utilitarianism 82 Chapter 10 Kant and Schopenhauer: Idealism and Pessimism 90 Chapter 11 Nietzsche and Sartre: Naturalism and Existentialism 99 PART 3 Political Theory: The Relationship of Man and the State Chapter 12 Introduction to Political Theory 111 Chapter 13 Law: Understanding the Rule o f Reason 119 Chapter 14 Problems o f Government: Five Great Issues 127 Chapter 15 Plato and Aristotle: Utopia and Polity 138 Chapter 16 Augustine and Aquinas: Platonist and Aristotelian 146 Chapter 17 Machiavelli and Hobbes: The Prince ...

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In this theoretically sophisticated monograph Dr. Alex Battler formulates a new ontological interpretation of the category of force: - a definition of force as an ontological category; - the manifestation of force in the inorganic world within the framework of the idea of the Big Bang; - a definition of force in the organic world to determine the boundary between life and nonlife; - a solution to the mind–body problem (i.e., what consciousness and thought are), which has led me to a new formulation of the concept of Progress. ...

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PREFACE......................................................................................................9 INTRODUCTION: LEXICON AND METHOD....................................17 CHAPTER I. THE PHENOMENOLOGY OF FORCE.........................31 1. Foreword.............................................................................................32 2 . Ancient Greek Philosophers On Force............................................35 3. The Philosophy of Force in the Works of European Philosophers of the 15th–19th Centuries.................................................................41 Nicholas of Cusa..........................................................................41 Leonardo da Vinci.......................................................................42 Bernardino Telesio and Francis Bacon.......................................44 René Descartes and Isaac Newton..............................................47 Benedict de Spinoza....................................................................50 John Locke...................................................................................51 ...

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Excerpt: I had better explain why, in this little piece d?occasion, written for a performance in aid of the funds of the project for establishing a National Theatre as a memorial to Shakespear, I have identified the Dark Lady with Mistress Mary Fitton. First, let me say that I do not contend that the Dark Lady was Mary Fitton, because when the case in Mary?s favor (or against her, if you please to consider that the Dark Lady was no better than she ought to have been) was complete, a portrait of Mary came to light and turned out to be that of a fair lady, not of a dark one. That settles the question, if the portrait is authentic....

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Excerpt: Reprinted from Fraser?s Magazine. The cloud which for the space of a month hung gloomily over the civilized world, black with far worse evils than those of simple war, has passed from over our heads without bursting. The fear has not been realized, that the only two first-rate Powers who are also free nations would take to tearing each other in pieces, both the one and the other in a bad and odious cause. For while, on the American side, the war would have been one of reckless persistency in wrong, on ours it would have been a war in alliance with, and, to practical purposes, in defence and propagation of, slavery. We had, indeed, been wronged....

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ACTUALITATEA PARADOXISMULUI Prefață Polemici privind paradoxismul și diverse interviuri vă prezentăm ȋn prima parte a acestei cărți. Ȋn cea de-a doua parte, veți constata actualitatea paradoxismului ȋn FOLCLORUL contemporan. Și anume: - Devieri derizorii de proverbe, făcȃnd astăzi hazul de necaz al omului de rȃnd: Fie pȃinea cât de rea, tot ți-o fură cineva. Ai carte, ai cu ce să te ştergi la fund. Lasă pe mâine ce poţi face azi, că poate mâine nu mai este nevoie. - Reinterpretări de aforisme. - Limbaj ȋn răspăr. - De asemenea, paradoxuri semantice: Totu-i infinit, chiar și finitul [de pildă, un segment de dreaptă este limitat ȋn ambele părți, ȋnsă conține o infinitate de puncte]. Nimic nu-i perfect, nici chiar perfectul! sau: Nimic nu-i absolut, nici chiar absolutul! - Calambururi bazate pe omonimii, dar și pe contrarieri ale clișeelor lingvistice… - Celebrele CULMI sau poante populare sunt ȋn esență paradoxiste… - Dar și paradoxismul ȋn imagini cotidiene preluate din folclorul Internetului, cu parabole și ironii politice, cu această modernizare… primitivă a țării! O lume reală care este… cu fundul ȋn sus! Iată cȃ...

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Desigur, m-aștept acum la noi invective din partea clanului mafiot al său și al acoliților săi (călăii de serviciu). Cu cȃt ȋnjură mai tare, cu atȃt ȋi plȃtesc noii lor stăpȃni mai bine. Dar ȋmi va face o deosebită plăcere să le răspund! Provocȃndu-mă, ei ȋmi mențin verva creatoare. Doar că aceste publicații sunt plătite din bugetul poporului pentru acești șarlatani. Romȃnii ar trebui să se revolte ȋn toată țara contra acestei umilințe naționale la care sunt supuși. Of course, I now look at us invective of the mob clan and his acolytes (executioners service). With cȃt ȋnjură louder with their new stăpȃni pharma ȋi plȃtesc better. But ȋmi will be pleased to answer them! Provocȃndu me they ȋmi maintain creative verve. Only those publications that are paid from the budget of the people for these charlatans. Romȃnii should bet on around the country to rebel against this national humiliation they are subjected....

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Prefață: Actualitatea paradoxismului: 3 Din nou despre paradoxism: 5 Alex Ștefănescu și Totalitarismul care se instalează ȋn Romȃnia: 31 Democrația celui mai puternic: 43 Neutrosofia și Paradoxismul (Dialog cu M. N. Rusu): 47 SCRIEREA PE DOS! (Interviu cu Maria Diana Popescu): 50 „Emigrant la infinit” (Interviu cu Mihaela Muscă): 54 PRO și CONTRA (Dialog cu Mircea Monu): 57 Chat paradoxist ȋn calambururi (Cu Janet Nică): 66 Chestionar despre paradoxism: 69 Preface: News paradoxism: 3 Again paradoxism 5 Alex Stefanescu and totalitarianism that installs ȋn Romȃnia: 31 Democracy fittest: 43 Neutrosophy and Paradoxism (Dialog with Rusu MN): 47 Writing on DOS! (Interview with Maria Diana Popescu): 50 "Emigrant to infinity" (Interview with Mihaela Musca): 54 Pros and Cons (Dialogue with Mircea Monu): 57 Chat paradoxist bet on puns (With Janet Nică): 66 Quiz paradox: 69...

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Opinions are like flare, which can turn either way: they can spread like wild fire or encapsulate themselves within the bounds of personal integrity, and thus illuminate. I started writing opinions in the late 2008 through my blogs. I admit at times I did go wild with unsubstantiated accusations and surmises, leading to risky speculations and irresponsible opinions. Recently, I published a comprehensive book of my writings entitled "Writings @ Ankur Mutreja", and the present book is a short selection of my opinions presented therein with emphasis on responsible writing. I am an advocate by profession; therefore, most of my opinions have a tint of law; in the first part, the expression is simple; so, it is for lay persons who won’t mind a little exercise of mind in the legal arena; whereas, in the second part, I have gone whole hog with law, and I admit those without formal legal training may find it convenient to ignore. My style of writing is terse and pointed, but at times I have gone overboard like in one particular opinion on Aarushi murder, where emotions and logic intermingled in an expanded narrative. Righ...

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Excerpt: A Treatise on Government by Aristotle, translated by William Ellis.

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Introduction: The Menexenus has more the character of a rhetorical exercise than any other of the Platonic works. The writer seems to have wished to emulate Thucydides, and the far slighter work of Lysias. In his rivalry with the latter, to whom in the Phaedrus Plato shows a strong antipathy, he is entirely successful, but he is not equal to Thucydides. The Menexenus, though not without real Hellenic interest, falls very far short of the rugged grandeur and political insight of the great historian. The fiction of the speech having been invented by Aspasia is well sustained, and is in the manner of Plato, notwithstanding the anachronism which puts into her mouth an allusion to the peace of Antalcidas, an event occurring forty years after the date of the supposed oration. But Plato, like Shakespeare, is careless of such anachronisms, which are not supposed to strike the mind of the reader. The effect produced by these grandiloquent orations on Socrates, who does not recover after having heard one of them for three days and more, is truly Platonic....

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The first volume of the catalogue in Thomas Jefferson's private collection.

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Philosophy - Moral XXIV Politics 1

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In the present volume, Volume IV, concluding Philosophy and containing the first part of Fine Arts, the divergence has become so marked that it is apparent that the revised "fair copy" of his catalogue made by Jefferson, and used during the negotiations for the sale, differed substantially from his earlier version....

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The Republic is a Socratic dialogue written by Plato around 380 BC concerning the definition of justice and the order and character of the just city-state and the just man....

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Excerpt: Advertisement. The story of ?Catherine,? which appeared in Fraser?s Magazine in 1839-40, was written by Mr. Thackeray, under the name of Ikey Solomons, Jun., to counteract the injurious influence of some popular fictions of that day, which made heroes of highwaymen and burglars, and created a false sympathy for the vicious and criminal....

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The purpose of The Role of Rhetorical Theory in Military Intelligence Analysis is to share Major Mills’s rhetorical understanding with young officers attending initial intelligence training. Throughout he infuses key elements from the rhetorical discourse community into the discourse community that deals with training in military intelligence....

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1 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2 LET’S GET RHETORICAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3 INTELLIGENCE PROCESS . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 4 WHAT THE FOUCAULT? . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 5 POWER PLUG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 6 DISCONTINUITY FEVER . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 7 IN THE TRENCHES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 8 CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 BIBLIOGRAPHY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63...

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The reader should know that the scenario presented in this monograph is not a forecast of a specific future but rather is structured to help the reader understand the magnitude and shape of Africa’s largest economy and the impact it has on the world. As we see in the 2009 global recession and credit crisis in today’s globalized world, a failure in Nigeria, like the failure of almost any other nation, could have serious repercussions across the planet. Whether Nigeria is able to grow into a thriving, stable, and vibrant democracy or whether it becomes a failed state, the people of the United States must be ready to support Nigeria as a fellow member of the international system....

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1 INTRODUCTION . . . . 1 2 NIGERIA IN CONTEXT: DEFINING FAILURE . . . . 9 3 THE SOCIAL SCHISMS OF NIGERIA . . . . 21 Col Douglas W. Jaquis 4 NIGERIAN POLITICS . . . . 33 Col Mark D. DeLong 5 NIGERIA’S ECONOMY . . . 39 Col Daniel B. Gordon 6 MILITARY VECTORS . . . . 55 Col Robert S. McAllum 7 NIGERIA IN 2030: PATHS TO FAILURE . . . .65 Col Christopher J. Kinnan 8 TECHNOLOGY AND FAILED STATE 2030—THE UNITED STATES AIR FORCERESPONDS . . . . .95 Col Christopher J. Kinnan 9 SUMMARY . . . . . 109...

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Excerpt: Parmenides by Plato, translated by Benjamin Jowett.

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Excerpt: Statesman by Plato, translated by Benjamin Jowett.

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Excerpt: Treaty On European Union. A new stage in the process of European integration undertaken with the establishment of the European Communities.

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Contents HEADS..............................................................................4 TITLE 1.........................................................7 TITLE 2........................................................10 TITLE 3........................................................95 TITLE 4......................................................109 TITLE 5......................................................125 TITLE 6......................................................131 TITLE 7.....................................................135 PROTOCOL...............................................138 Declarations.................................................194...

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Excerpt: Notes from the Underground by Fyodor Dostoevsky, translated by Constance Garnett.