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...tu Popescu synthesized that period with the inspired syntagma “From action to theory”. And back (for all the life long) to... practice, we should ad... ...the “postmodernization” with any price of the materialistic and old-fashioned theory concerning the “development in spiral”! All these things must... ...rganized the first international conference on the Smarandache notions in the theory of numbers; in 1997 (at the Chair in Algebra of the State Unive... ...ained the title of doctor in mathematics with the thesis New functions in the theory of numbers; about the Smarandache function have already been wr... ...erses (it is risky to name them prose or poetry!) we learn essential data and information about the “becoming” of this (almost) exile in his own coun... ... attentive and subtle observer that is Florentin Smarandache gives us so many information about Morrocco, about the civilization where he has lived ... ...ed.1992, 3 rd ed.1994, 4 th ed.1999). The book is not a journal proper, the information being undated; very seldom is mentioned some year, only wh... ...From the content’s point of view, its attractiveness is given by the unwonted information, a valid situation for those who do not know America. The ... ... our attention by itself. Author’s commentaries alternate everywhere with the information proper. Also, author’s common-sense and honestity are abso...

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...om: Books on Demand ProQuest Information & Learning (University of Microfilm... ...bigraph will prove a major role in the applications of bimodels both in fuzzy theory and neutrosophic theory. Finally we give the matrix represen... ...that gives the hidden pattern of the situation. As we have a very well known theory, which states that the strength of the data 76 depends on, th... ...ps will also be directed neutrosophic graphs. It is no coincidence that graph theory has been independently discovered many times since it may quite... ...bject finds its place in the work of Euler. Subsequent rediscoveries of graph theory were by Kirchhoff and Cayley. Euler (1707-1782) became the fath... ... In Proc. of the 19 th International Conference of the North American Fuzzy Information Processing Society, NAFIPS2000, Atlanta, 2000. http://di... .... In Proc. of the 18 th International Conference of the North American Fuzzy Information Processing Society, by NAFIPS, New York, (1999) 115- 119. ... ...aras, D., and B. Karakostas. The Use of Fuzzy Cognitive maps to Stimulate the Information Systems Strategic Planning Process, Information and Softwa... ...tml 95. Montazemi, A.R., and D. W. Conrath. The Use of Cognitive Mapping for Information Requirements Analysis, MIS Quarterly, 10, 45-55, 1986. 9...

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...ordered in a paper bound reprint from: Books on Demand ProQuest Information & Learning (University of Microfilm International) 300 ... ...se two algebras heavily exploits the concepts of vector spaces and matrix theory we do not venture to approach Smarandache Lie algebras or Smarandac... ... way. This book is distinct and different from other non-associative ring theory books as the properties of associative rings are incorporated and s... ...of orthogonal ideals. This notion will find its place in algebraic coding theory. Now we proceed on to define the concept of Smarandache orthogonal ... ...tive and new concepts and notions which can be developed into a very good theory. 5.1 Basic properties of Jordan Algebras In this section w... ... it as a matrix structure. For the main reason is that Smarandache matrix theory and Smarandache vector spaces and Smarandache linear algebras are y...

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...ri Associate Professor of Mathematics Department of Mathematics and Computer Information Science Mansfield University Mansfield, PA 16933 hiser... ... This book can be ordered in microfilm format from: Books on Demand ProQuest Information & Learning (University Microfilm International) 300 N... ...s probably most active in the area of computational geometry. There is a lot of information available on the internet, and a good place to start a s... ...ifolds share with s-manifolds a focus on singularities. The Geometry Center has information on orbifolds at the websites [7, 6]. The focus of thi... ...ications, Inc. (Original work published 1912.) 4. Born, M. (1962). Einstein’s Theory of Relativity (Revised ed.). New York: Dover Publications, In... ...tion3.1.html. 8. Einstein, A. (1961). Relativity: the special and the general theory (R.W. Lawson, Trans.). New York: Three Rivers Press. 9. Eu... ... Press. 20. Stillwell, J. (1993). Classical Topology and Combinatorial Group Theory. New York: Springer-Verlag. 21. Weeks, J.R. (1985). The Sh...

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...ook can be ordered in a paper bound reprint from: Books on Demand ProQuest Information & Learning (University of Microfilm International) 300 N. Zeeb ... ... on the rights was 2k. This is not divisible by 4 if k is odd. Additional information concerning the Concatenated Even Sequence can be gleaned by exa... ...e Fibonacci and Lucas sequences. References 1. Unsolved Problems in Number Theory, edited by Richard K. Guy, Springer, 2004, ISBN 0387208607. 70 Chap... ...hat kind of stereograms can be created by iterating combinations of number theory functions and plotting the number of iterations? 3.2 Altering the Ba...

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... touching insincerity of the man to his own heart; and that fine-spun airy theory of friendship, so devoid, as I complained, of any quality of flesh a... ...y to believe it, and had ended by setting it down as a contribution to the theory of life. So with the more icy parts of this philosophy of Thoreau’s.... ...wound still bled afresh, while he deceived himself with reasons. Thoreau’s theory, in short, was one thing and himself an- other: of the first, the re... ...ne would have feared to make too much of these departures, or to found any theory upon what was perhaps purely accidental. The appearance of Quatre Vi... ...ll its richness, has fallen some- what out of sight in the pressure of new information and the apologetical ceremony of biographers. Mr. Carlyle made ... ...ay through life he had re- marked much upon other men, with more result in theory than practice; and he had reflected upon many subjects as he delved ... ...ely to gen- 131 Familiar Studies of Men & Books eralities and gave him no information as to their exploits, past, present, or to come. I suppose Taba...

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...those purposes for which speech was given to us, to wit, giving or receiving information or plea sure. For, if you would inform, a positive and dogma... ... him, I waited on him, and gave him the letter. He thank’d me cordially, the information being of impor tance to him; and from that time he became my... ...s of virtuous and manly minds. And considering the eagerness with which such information is sought by them, and the extent of your reputation, I do no... ...h him daily, and had full opportunity of removing all his prejudices, by the information of what the Assembly had before his arrival actually done, an... ...o the royal family, and an able experimenter, who had form’d and publish’d a theory of electricity, which then had the general vogue. He could not at ... ...te and published a volume of Letters, chiefly address’d to me, defending his theory, and denying the verity of my experi ments, and of the positions ... ...utobiography of Benjamin Franklin 146 in conversation. He gave me the first information that my old friend Jas. Ralph was still alive; that he was es...

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... (Romania), and Archives of State (Rm. Valcea, Romania). The Smarandache's universe is undoubtedly very fascinating and is halfway between the number theory and the recreational mathematics. Even though sometime this universe has a very simple structure from number theory standpoint, it doesn't cease to be deeply mysterious and interesting. This book, following the Smarand...

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...A SET OF NEW SMARANDACHE FUNCTIONS, SEQUENCES AND CONJECTURES IN NUMBER THEORY Felice Russo AMERICAN RESEARCH PRESS Lupton USA 2000 Wrongness of n ... ...universe is undoubtedly very fascinating and is halfway between the number theory and the recreational mathematics. Even though sometime this univers... ...Even though sometime this universe has a very simple structure from number theory standpoint, it doesn't cease to be deeply mysterious and interesting... ...lems, new Smarandache type sequences and new Smarandache Notions in number theory. Moreover a chapter (IV) is dedicated to the analysis of Smarandach... ...the analysis of Smarandache Double factorial function introduced in number theory by F. Smarandache ("The Florentin Smarandache papers" special colle... ...of integers out of infinite number of them. Anyway we can get some further information from experimental data about the validity of this conjeture. In...

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...OF SOCIAL ASPECTS OF MIGRANT LABOURERS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS USING FUZZY THEORY AND NEUTROSOPHIC COGNITIVE MAPS With Specific Reference To Rura... ... OF SOCIAL ASPECTS OF MIGRANT LABOURERS LIVING WITH HIV/AIDS USING FUZZY THEORY AND NEUTROSOPHIC COGNITIVE MAPS With Specific Reference To Rura... ...ered in a paper bound reprint from: Books on Demand ProQuest Information & Learning (University of Microfilm International) 300 ... ... comprehend the risk-behaviours better and correlate it with the raw data/information/feelings that we derived from the interviews when we looked in... ... result of our sample remaining in this manner, we cannot predict or give information about the distribution/prevalence of AIDS among varied economi... ...Christianity. This is an unprobed area and there is a complete absence of information with regard to the vital role of religious faith. Finally as... ... are used in the study of the problem. In chapter III yet another fuzzy theory technique namely the bi-directional associative memories is used in... ...em. In Chapter IV we first just recall some basic notions of neutrosophic theory, neutrosophic cognitive maps that are utilized in the analysis of t... ... Rs.50 and most of them were only aged between 18-23. Another shocking information we derived from them was that most of the Andhra Pradesh based...

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... logic and first order interval neutrosophic predicate logic. The interval neutrosophic logic can reason and model fuzzy, incomplete and inconsistent information. In this chapter, we also design an interval neutrosophic inference system based on first order interval neutrosophic predicate logic. The interval neutrosophic inference system can be applied to decision making. ...

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...sophic Propositional Calculus . . . . . . . . . 23 2.2.2 Semantics of Interval Neutrosophic Propositional Calculus . . . . . . . . . 24 2.2.3 Proof Theory of Interval Neutrosophic Propositional Calculus . . . . . . . . 25 2.3 Interval Neutrosophic Predicate Calculus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 2.3.1 Syntax of Interval Neutrosophic Predicate Calculus . . . . . . ...

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...This work covers a substantial mosaic of related concepts in utility theory as applied to financial decision-making. It reviews some of the classical notions of Benthamite utility and the normative utility paradigm offered by the von Neumann-Morgenstern expected utility theory; exploring its m...

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...YA Utility, Rationality and Beyond – From Behavioral Finance to Informational Finance 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 ... ... Utility, Rationality and Beyond – From Behavioral Finance to Informational Finance HEXIS ... ...ordered in a paper bound reprint from: Books on Demand ProQuest Information & Learning (University of Microfilm International) 300 ... ...umi.com/bod/search/basic Peer Reviewers: 1) Liu Feng, School of Information, Xi'an University of Finance and Economics, (Xi'an caijing xue... ...sor Dr. Kuldeep Kumar, Associate Professor of Statistics in the School of Information Technology, Bond University. Dr. Kumar has indeed been a remar... ...iness, Bond University for his thoughtful insights on some of the utility theory constructs. The author also feels indebted to a large extent to his ... ... This work covers a substantial mosaic of related concepts in utility theory as applied to financial decision-making. It reviews some of the cla... ... utility paradigm offered by the von Neumann-Morgenstern expected utility theory; exploring its major pitfalls before moving into what is postulated ... ...nd not always explicable using the known rules of statistical probability theory. 10 Individuals often have very distorted perceptions of ...

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...those is surveyed in Liu’s book [33]. To determine the embedding of a graph on surfaces, including coloring a map on surfaces is another trend in map theory. Its object is combinatorialization of surfaces, see Gross and Tucker [22], Mohar and Thomassen [53] and White [70], especially the [53] for detail. The construction of regular maps on surfaces, related maps with group...

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...ook can be ordered in a paper bound reprint from: Books on Demand ProQuest Information & Learning (University of Microfilm International) 300 N.Zeeb Ro... ...acific University, AK, USA. H.Iseri, Department of Mathematics and Computer Information Science, Mansfield University, Mansfield, PA 16933, USA. Copyrigh... ... on surfaces, including coloring a map on surfaces is another trend in map theory. Its object is combinatorialization of surfaces, see Gross and Tucke... ...on surfaces, related maps with groups and geometry is a glimmer of the map theory with other mathematics. In fact, maps as a kind of the decomposition... ...sition of surfaces, should be given more attention to its role in surfaces theory, such as the Riemann surfaces, Klein surfaces and manifolds theory. ... ...s and toprofessor Yanpei Liu introduced meinto thefiled ofcombinatorial map theory. Thanks are also given to Professor Mingyao Xu, Professor Yanxun Cha... ...idean. It seems thattheSmarandachegeometriesareconnected withtheRelativity Theory(because they include the Riemann geometry in a subspace) and with th... ...c automorphism groups of some well-known graphs, which give us some useful information for the semi-arc automorphism groups, for example, Aut1 2 K n =...

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...ebraic structure, linear algebra happens to be one of the subjects which yields itself to applications to several fields like coding or communication theory, Markov chains, representation of groups and graphs, Leontief economic models and so on. This book has for the first time, introduced a new algebraic structure called linear bialgebra, which is also a very powerful al...

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...dered in a paper bound reprint from: Books on Demand ProQuest Information & Learning (University of Microfilm International) 300... ...elds itself to applications to several fields like coding or communication theory, Markov chains, representation of groups and graphs, Leontief econ... ...in this direction. 1.3.2 Smarandache Leontief economic models Matrix theory has been very successful in describing the interrelations between ... ...ween the industries in the economy 32 under considerations. Using matrix theory we evaluate certain parameters. The basic equations of the input-... ...entation existing between members of a set introduced, we have studied the theory of directed graphs to mathematically model the types of sets and r... ...or the first time we give the results of bimatrices in the field of coding theory. Very recently we have defined the notion of bicodes here we give ... ...utions to the Student Mathematical Competitions. His latest interest is in information fusion were he works with Dr.Jean Dezert from ONERA (French N...

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...Physics template. This template can be downloaded from Progress in Physics home page http://www.geocities.com/ptep_online. Abstract and the necessary information about author(s) should be included into the papers. To submit a paper, mail the file(s) to Chief Editor. All submitted papers should be as brief as possible. Short articles are preferable. All that has been accept...

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.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 L. Nottale Fractality Field in the Theory of Scale Relativity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 L. Borisso... ... . . . . . . . . . . . 20 C. Castro, M. Pavˇ siˇ c The Extended Relativity Theory in Clifford Spaces.. . . . .31 K. Dombrowski Rational Numbers Distri... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Information for Authors and Subscribers Progress in Physics has been create... ...home page http://www.geocities.com/ptep_online. Abstract and the necessary information about author(s) should be included into the papers. To submit a... ...nal, the detec- tor reacts to a wave of the metric in accordance with this theory. Therefore it is concluded that quadrupole mass detectors would be t... ... of chronometric invariants (physical observable quantities in the General Theory of Relativity) defnes gravitational inertial force F i without the R... ...ned invariant under acceleration- boosts. This could reveal very important information about Black-holes Entropy and Holography. C. Castro. On Dual Ph... ...ned invariant under acceleration- boosts. This could reveal very important information about Black-holes Entropy and Holography. The logarithmic cor- ... ...ons see [86], [128]. It was advocated long ago by Wheeler and others, that information theory [106], set theory and number theory, may be the ultimate...

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...ook can be ordered in microfilm format from: Books on Demand ProQuest Information & Learning (University of Microfilm International) ... ...s: J. Dezert (France), Charles Le (US), I. Stojmenovic (Canada). For more information on neutrosophics see the below links: • 0. Introduction: ... ... and instability of stable systems. Let's note by <A> an idea, or proposition, theory, event, concept, entity, by <Non-A> what is not <A>, and by <A... ... to measure the truth, indeterminacy, and falsehood. My hypothesis is that no theory is exempted from paradoxes, because of the language imprecisio... ...ssible unlike myopic algorithms that look at each iteration only at very local information as with steepest descent method. As in non-monotonic logi... ...f this: what would happen if a non-p conclusion occurred? The inconsistence of information shows up in the result, if not eliminated from the beginn... ...eria and the complementarity of various sources. For example, the Possibility Theory (Zadeh 1978, Dubois, Prade) gives a better approach than the F... ... Theory (Zadeh 1978, Dubois, Prade) gives a better approach than the Fuzzy Set Theory (Yager) due to self-improving connectives. The Possibility Th... ..., The AI Magazine, 81-83, 1984. Combination of paradoxical sources of information within the neutrosophic framework Dr. Jean Dezert Abstrac...

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...Physics template. This template can be downloaded from Progress in Physics home page http://www.geocities.com/ptep_online. Abstract and the necessary information about author(s) should be included into the papers. To submit a paper, mail the file(s) to Chief Editor. All submitted papers should be as brief as possible. Short articles are preferable. All that has been accept...

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.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 D. Rabounski A Theory of Gravity Like Electrodynamics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... ...sova Gravitational Waves and Gravitational Inertial Waves in the Gen- eral Theory of Relativity: A Theory and Experiments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... ...i, L. Borissova, F. Smarandache Quantum Causality Threshold in the General Theory of Relativity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... ...namics Formula. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 Information for Authors and Subscribers Progress in Physics has been create... ...home page http://www.geocities.com/ptep_online. Abstract and the necessary information about author(s) should be included into the papers. To submit a... ...d until it has been demonstrated that this is truly required by Einstein’s theory. Mere assumption is not permissible. 2 The basic geometry of the sim... ...ion of metric degrees of freedom into a part related to the true dynamical information and a part related only to the coordinate system. From this vie... ...xperimental statement on quan- tum teleportation has two channels in which information (the quantum state) transfers between two entangled particles: ... ...) transfers between two entangled particles: “teleportation channel” where information is transferred in- stantly, and “synchronization channel” — cla...

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...thus opening new ways of research in four fields: philosophy, logics, set theory, and probability/statistics. It was known to me his setting up in 1... ...so, to experiment." 2.2. Etymology: Paradoxism = paradox+ism, means the theory and school of using paradoxes in literary, artistic, philosophical... ... with different ideational spectra. Neutrosophy considers a proposition, theory, event, concept, or entity, "A" in relation to its opposite, "Anti- ... ...ard or non-standard subsets included in . 0, 1 + 0. The Fundamental Theory: Every idea <A> tends to be neutralized, diminished, balanced by <... ... because man is lost, small, unimportant, forgotten in the huge amalgam of information, news at every second, scientific and cultural forces... He d... ...hange". The philosopher is not capable of discovering unique form of information (Wittgenstein). But no use and (ab)use of neutrosophy in... .... This non-restriction allows paraconsistent, dialetheist, and incomplete information to be characterized in NL {i.e. the sum of all three component... ...ponents if they are defined as subsets can be >1 88 (for paraconsistent information coming from different sources) or < 1 for incomplete informati... ...ng from different sources) or < 1 for incomplete information}, while that information can not be described in IFL because in IFL the components T (t...

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...ordered in a paper bound reprint from: Books on Demand ProQuest Information & Learning (University of Microfilm International) 300 ... ...rete, successive times of emission. Isochrons are spherical bubbles of information expanding at the speed of light with center at the position th... ...ts take you. The premise of this book is that the effects of the special theory of relativity are a kinematical perspective rather than being real;... ...an infinite speed. The basis for the hypothesis lies in the entanglement theory of quantum mechanics and deals with the transfer of information ove... ...e entanglement theory of quantum mechanics and deals with the transfer of information over large distances. Dr. Florentin Smarandache Associ... ...co at Gallup February 2004 9 Guest Preface The special theory of relativity (STR) is indeed a kinematical perspective. By that I ... ...ollier's). Recent trends in thinking view the distortions of the special theory of relativity as only appearances, unable to affect Human physiolog... ...ted from special relativity, did not materialize. You wonder if this new information will be enough to justify an attempt to break the light barrie... ...ication. Ship-to-shore communication has to do with sending and receiving information; and as Norbert Weiner said, "Information is not matter or ene...

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... ordered in a paper bound reprint from: Books on Demand ProQuest Information & Learning (University of Microfilm International) 300 ... ...ache called Smarandache Notions Journal that is edited by Dr. Minh Perez. Information about it and other advances can be found on the web site devot... ...of Inference Section 7 Formal Reasoning Section 8 Quantification Theory Section 9 Uses of Logic In Computer Programming 7 13 14 1... ...o use truth tables to perform the computations. For that we need a formal theory. Definition 1.5.1: A formal theory is a system S constructed from... ...heorem in the system S. Example: The following is a formal axiomatic theory L a) The set of symbols in L are { ¬, →, (, ), T, F, p 1 , p 2 , ... ... . B Definition 1.5.2: The formal axiomatic theory L in the previous example is known as the propositional calculus. ... ... f = 1. B) But to refer to intuitionistic logic, which means incomplete information on a variable, proposition or event one has t + i + f < 1. ... ..., referring to paraconsistent logic, which means contradictory sources of information about a same logical variable, proposition, or event one has t ... ...hen it follows that t 2 = t 3 . However, if f 1 ≤ t 2 , then we have no information about t 3 , so we make no assumptions and set it equal to zero...

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...This book is devoted to an emerging branch of Information Fusion based on new approach for modeling the fusion problematic when the information provided by the sources is both uncertain and (highly) conflicting. This approach, known in literature as DSmT (standing for De...

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...on the enumeration of isotone Boolean functions . . . 51 3.2.2 Ordering based on the DSm cardinality . . . 52 3.2.3 Ordering based on the intrinsic informational content . . . 56 3.3 Conclusion . . . . . 59 3.4 References . . . . . 60 4 Combination of beliefs on hybrid DSm models 61 4.1 Introduction . . . . . 61 4.2 On the independence of the sources of evidences ....

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...This second book devoted on advances and applications of Dezert-Smarandache Theory (DSmT) for information fusion collects recent papers from different researchers working in engineering and mathematics. Part 1 of this book presents the current state-of-the-art on theoretical investigations while, Par...

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...Preamble iii Prefaces v Part I Advances on DSmT 1 Chapter 1 Proportional Conflict Redistribution Rules for Information Fusion 3 by Florentin Smarandache and Jean Dezert 1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.2 The principal rules of combination . . . . . . . 6 1.2.1 Notion of total and partial conflicting masses . . . . . ...

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...Applications demonstrate the power of the DSmT framework. In this third Volume, DSmT is applied to the entire spectrum of the Information Fusion that would interest any reader in data, sensor, information, and mathematical fusion topics. Highlighted in Figure 1 are the contemporary issues that include the links between (1) data conditioning and info...

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...nality . . . . . . 46 1.6.3 The Generalized Pignistic Transformation . . . 47 1.7 The DSmP transformation . . . . . . . 48 1.7.1 The Probabilistic Information Content (PIC) . . . 49 1.7.2 The DSmP formula . . . . . . . 50 1.7.3 Examples for DSmP and BetP . . . . . . 51 1.8 Fusion of qualitative beliefs . . . . . . . 54 1.8.1 QualitativeOperators . . . . . . . 54 1....

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... An explanation of Beth experiment 66 6.4. Electrodynamics spin tensor 68 7 Other unsolved problems in various areas of science 72 7.1. Relativity theory 72 7.2. Questions related to Modified Bell’s theorem 73 7.3. Mind-matter interaction, hidden mystery of water 77 7.4. Quaternion wave interpretation of superconductor 80 7.5. Solar dynamics 83 7.6. Science of Ener...

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...ization of Venn Diagram, by Florentin Smarandache.........84 ECONOMICS, BUSINESS, AND POLITICS.................87 10. Introduction to Poly-Emporium Theory in Economics, by V. Christianto, F. Smarandache, in Authors’ book Cultural Advantage for Cities. An Alternative for Developing Countries, InfoLearnQuest, Ann Arbor, 61 p., 2008............88 11. Global Totalitarianism...

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...ization of Venn Diagram, by Florentin Smarandache.........84 ECONOMICS, BUSINESS, AND POLITICS.................87 10. Introduction to Poly-Emporium Theory in Economics, by V. Christianto, F. Smarandache, in Authors’ book Cultural Advantage for Cities. An Alternative for Developing Countries, InfoLearnQuest, Ann Arbor, 61 p., 2008............88 11. Global Totalitarianism...