Glucose intolerance

Impaired glucose tolerance
Classification and external resources
ICD-10 9 MeSH D018149

Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is a pre-diabetic state of hyperglycemia that is associated with insulin resistance and increased risk of cardiovascular pathology. IGT may precede type 2 diabetes mellitus by many years. IGT is also a risk factor for mortality.[1]

Criteria

According to the criteria of the World Health Organization and the American Diabetes Association, impaired glucose tolerance is defined as:[2][3]

  • two-hour glucose levels of 140 to 199 mg per dL (7.8 to 11.0 mmol) on the 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. A patient is said to be under the condition of IGT when he/she has an intermediately raised glucose level after 2 hours, but less than would qualify for type 2 diabetes mellitus. The fasting glucose may be either normal or mildly elevated.

From 10 to 15 percent of adults in the United States have impaired glucose tolerance or impaired fasting glucose.[4]

Treatment

Main article: Prevention of diabetes mellitus type 2

The risk of progression to diabetes and development of cardiovascular disease is greater than for impaired fasting glucose.[5]

Although some drugs can delay the onset of diabetes, lifestyle modifications play a greater role in the prevention of diabetes.[4][6] Patients identified as having an IGT should exercise regularly, lose 5 to 7 percent of body weight, and limit intake of (at least) sugar and highly processed carbohydrates.[4] America is known to have a higher percentage of diabetes due to the average intake of sugar and high carbohydrate food consumed by the general population.

See also

References

Further reading

  • - Editorial review
Abnormal clinical and laboratory findings for blood tests (R70–R79, 790)
Red blood cells
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  • Anisochromia
  • Hypochromia
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Lymphocytes
Small molecules
Nitrogenous
Proteins
Other
Minerals
Pathogens/sepsis
Diabetes (E10–E14, 250)
Types of diabetes
Blood tests
Diabetes management
Complications/prognosis
Other
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