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National Geographic Magazine Volume 1 Number 1 published in 1889. Topics of articles are: Introductory Address by the President Geographic Methods in Geologic Investigation Classification of Geographic Forms by Genesis The Great Storm of March 11 to 14, 1888 The Survey of the Coast The Survey and Map of Massachusetts (Summary by Guero)...

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History, Memoirs, Nature, Science

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18 works -- two non-fic articles & one short fiction or poetry each -- from issues March, April, May, June, July, & August 1906 of The Scrap Book, Volume 1, edited by Frank Munsey. As he states in the editorial of the April 1906 issue (Vol 1, Iss 2) this was a sort of supplement to the editor's popular monthly, Munsey's Magazine http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munsey's_Magazine. The Scrap Book is very like an American version of Punch with many short, often humorous articles interspersed with at least one short story, some poetry, and several longer non-fic pieces. The Scrap Book ran up to 1912.(Summary by BellonaTimes)...

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History, Essay/Short nonfiction

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The History of the Standard Oil Company is a book written by journalist Ida Tarbell in 1904. It was an exposé of the Standard Oil Company, run at that time by oil tycoon John D. Rockefeller the richest figure in America's history. Originally serialized in 19 parts in McClure's magazine, the book was a seminal example of muckraking, and inspired many other journalists to write about trusts, large businesses that (in the absence of strong antitrust law in the 19th century) attempted to gain monopolies in various industries. The History of the Standard Oil Company was credited with hastening the breakup of Standard Oil, which came about in 1911. ( Summary by Wikipedia ) Note: This reading does not include any of the 36 Appendices....

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History

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The History of the Standard Oil Company is a book written by journalist Ida Tarbell in 1904. It was an exposé of the Standard Oil Company, run at that time by oil tycoon John D. Rockefeller, the richest figure in America's history. Originally serialized in 19 parts in McClure's magazine, the book was a seminal example of muckraking, and inspired many other journalists to write about trusts, large businesses that (in the absence of strong antitrust law in the 19th century) attempted to gain monopolies in various industries. The History of the Standard Oil Company was credited with hastening the breakup of Standard Oil, which came about in 1911. ( Summary by Wikipedia ) Note: This reading does not include any of the Appendices....

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History

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The expedition of Messrs. Lewis and Clarke, for exploring the river Missouri, and the best communication from that to the Pacific Ocean, has had all the success which could be expected. They have traced the Missouri nearly to its source; descended the Columbia to the Pacific Ocean, ascertained with accuracy the Geography, of that interesting communication across the continent; learned the character of the country, its commerce and inhabitants; and it is but justice to say that Messrs. Lewis and Clarke, and their brave companions, have, by this arduous service, deserved well of their country. This volume is the 1840 edition with woodcut images and an Indian vocabulary. They may be viewed by clicking on the text URL. (Summary in quotes by President Thomas Jefferson)...

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History, Travel

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Background: By the mid 1980s the Macintosh, and to some extent the PC, had made desktop publishing a mainstay in the world of publishing professional quality documents. At this point a significant shift occurred in the production of published materials. A key element in this production moved from the hands of the printer to the editor. Simply put, editors no longer needed to rely on printers to create their documents. Production began to move from the printing houses to the editor's desktop. Layout, typesetting, and image control are now fully available to the editor. As a result, it is important that those who traditionally were involved in the creation of print (and now digital) information be introduced to the tools that make this possible....

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The Federalist Papers (correctly known as The Federalist) are a series of 85 articles advocating the ratification of the United States Constitution. Seventy-seven of the essays were published serially in The Independent Journal and The New York Packet between October 1787 and August 1788 . A compilation of these and eight others, called The Federalist, was published in 1788 by J. and A. M’Lean. The Federalist Papers serve as a primary source for interpretation of the Constitution, as they outline the philosophy and motivation of the proposed system of government.The authors of the Federalist Papers wanted to both influence the vote in favor of ratification and shape future interpretations of the Constitution. According to historian Richard Morris, they are an incomparable exposition of the Constitution, a classic in political science unsurpassed in both breadth and depth by the product of any later American writer....

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History, Essay/Short nonfiction

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Charles Beard was the most influential American historian of the early 20th century. He published hundreds of monographs, textbooks and interpretive studies in both history and political science. He graduated from DePauw University in 1898, where he met and eventually married Mary Ritter Beard, one of the founders of the first greek-letter society for women, Kappa Alpha Theta. Many of his books were written in collaboration with his wife, whose own interests lay in feminism and the labor union movement. In 1921, Charles and Mary Beard published their textbook: History of the United States. A contemporaneous review stated: The authors… assume enough maturity in…students to justify a topical rather than a chronological treatment. They have dealt with movements, have sketched large backgrounds, have traced causes, and have discussed the interrelation of social and economic forces and politics. All this has been directed to the large purpose of helping the student to understand American today in all its national characteristics and as part of world civilization as well...The literary style is exceptionally clear and crisp, and the whole...

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History

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The Journal of Submarine Commander Von Forstner is a graphic account of WWI submarine warfare. Forstner was the commander of German U-boat U-28. His journal, first published 1916, gives a gritty picture of daily life inside a submarine and details several torpedo attacks on Allied shipping. The 1917 translation of Forstner’s journal into English was unquestionably intended to bolster the Allied war effort. In the foreword, the translator states: “Nothing at the present day has aroused such fear as this invisible enemy, nor has anything outraged the civilized world like the tragedies caused by the German submarines.” This audio read of Forstner’s journal was prompted by a tour of a captured WWII German U-505 submarine, which is a prime draw at Chicago’s Museum of Science and Industry. The sub’s interior is not for claustrophobics--a hunkered maze of pipes and valves, banks of engines and batteries that leave very little room for humans. Particularly arresting are the sleeping quarters--bunks cozy’d up with the 15 foot long torpedoes. (Introduction by Sue Anderson)...

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Adventure, History, Memoirs, Sea stories, War stories

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In this biography for young adults, Mary A. Hamilton gives a British person’s perspective on the 16th President of the United States. A glowing tribute to “Honest Abe”, the author traces Lincoln’s ancestral roots and recounts his birth in Kentucky, his youth in Indiana, his adult life in Illinois and his years in the White House. She also provides a good background on the causes and course of the American Civil War. Hamilton is not always historically precise. For example, she erroneously names Jefferson Davis as the Southern Democratic candidate for president running against Lincoln and Douglas in 1860 rather than John C. Breckinridge. However, overall “The Story of Abraham Lincoln” is a good summarization and interesting account of the life, values and politics of Lincoln. Cautions: Chapter 7 contains a single use of an epithet for African-Americans in a quotation from a British magazine. Chapter 8 ends with an example of a stereotypical Southern black dialect which many may find offensive. (Summary by John Lieder.)...

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History, Children, Biography

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Charles Beard was the most influential American historian of the early 20th century. He published hundreds of monographs, textbooks and interpretive studies in both history and political science. He graduated from DePauw University in 1898, where he met and eventually married Mary Ritter Beard, one of the founders of the first greek-letter society for women, Kappa Alpha Theta. Many of his books were written in collaboration with his wife, whose own interests lay in feminism and the labor union movement.In 1921, Charles and Mary Beard published their textbook: History of the United States. A contemporaneous review stated: The authors… assume enough maturity in…students to justify a topical rather than a chronological treatment. They have dealt with movements, have sketched large backgrounds, have traced causes, and have discussed the interrelation of social and economic forces and politics. All this has been directed to the large purpose of helping the student to understand American today in all its national characteristics and as part of world civilization as well..The literary style is exceptionally clear and crisp, and the whole a...

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History

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This chapter begins with the flight of James II and then moves on to the downfall of Judge Jeffreys and the arrival of Dutch troops in London. James flees again and we see the establishment of the Jacobean court in France at Saint Germains. The chapter ends with the crowning of William and Mary....

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History

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It was a cloudy November day in 1863 when thousands gathered to hear renowned orator Edward Everett dedicate a national cemetary at the site of a pivotal battle early in July of that year. Also present to deliver a few appropriate remarks was the President of the United States, Abraham Lincoln. Lincoln spoke but 278 words; Everett later wrote to the President, I should be glad, if I could flatter myself that I came as near to the central idea of the occasion, in two hours, as you did in two minutes. Though there are surviving transcripts of Everett's lengthly speech, it is Lincoln's words which have come to be known as The Gettysburg Address (Summary by Chip)...

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History

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The Constitution has a total of 27 amendments. The first ten, collectively known as the Bill of Rights, were ratified simultaneously. The following seventeen were ratified separately. (Summary from wikipedia.org)...

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History

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Einhard was employed by Charlemagne as a court historian. At the request of Charlemagne's son and successor Louis the Pious, he wrote a biography of Charlemagne, the Vita Karoli Magni or Life of Charlemagne (c. 817–830), which provides much direct information about Charlemagne's life and character. In composing this he made full use of the Frankish Royal annals. Einhard's literary model was the classical work of the Roman historian Suetonius, the Lives of the Caesars. (summary adapted from Wikipedi by K. Merline)...

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History

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Dans le chapitre 1 nous nous intéressons à l’horoscope chinois. (De toutes les sources existantes qui portent sur cette astrologie nous nous contentons de mentionner le livre [7].) Deux énoncés en sont le résultat : 1. Des évènements analogues liés à des changements de paramètres du pouvoir, ou à des acquisitions ou pertes de territoire et/ou de souveraineté, ont lieu souvent dans deux années distantes d’un multiple de 60 ans l’un de l’autre (c’est à dire d’un nombre entier de cycles complets de cet horoscope). « Souvent » veut dire « bien plus souvent que quand cette distance dans le temps n’est pas un multiple de 60 ans ». 2. Une distance dans le temps d’un multiple impair de 30 ans favorise l’apparition de tels évènements, mais à caractère opposé (ou plutôt mélangeant analogie et contraste). Cette apparition est plus fréquente que dans le cas où la distance dans le temps entre les deux évènements n’est pas un multiple impair de 30 ans. Dans le chapitre 2, on compare quatre régions géographiques (la Péninsule Ibérique, l’Italie, la Péninsule Balkanique et la Géorgie) pour observer des similitudes historiques. Puis on ajoute à c...

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De toutes les forces naturelles, l’eau semble avoir été la moins généreuse envers Napoléon Bonaparte. C’est logique – il était né sous le signe du Lion, un signe de Feu. Ce n’est pas seulement qu’il ait perdu les batailles sur mer contre l’Angleterre – Aboukir (1798) et Trafalgar (1805). Mais deux de ses défaites sur terre sont liées à la traversée de rivières et à l’impossibilité d’évacuer la totalité de ses troupes – celle de la Bérézina (1812) et celle de Leipzig (1813) où on a fait sauter le pont sur l’Elster trop tôt. Il reste à mentionner aussi la bataille de Waterloo – « water » signifie « eau » en hollandais. A ce propos on peut observer que le nom de son adversaire Arthur Wellesley, duc de Wellington, était un peu mieux en accord avec les vibrations du nom du champ de bataille – sur les huit lettres de « Waterloo », cinq sont contenues dans « Wellington » et cinq dans « Bonaparte », mais les premières lettres de « Waterloo » et « Wellington » sont les mêmes. La ressemblance entre les noms de protagonistes ou lieux historiques est seulement un des thèmes d’intérêt de ce livre qui est la suite du livre [1]. Dans ce derni...

Table of Contents Details
0. Préface Chapitre 1. L’horoscope chinois ; évènements parallèles. Chapitre 2. Comparaison entre cinq régions géographiques. Chapitre 3. Les règles de l’histoire aux centres des cinq sphères d’influence géopolitique directe. Chapitre 4. La règle de 6 dans l’histoire de l’Amérique Latine. Chapitre 5. Evènements et thèmes astraux. Appendice 1. Débuts et fins des années de l’horoscope chinois. Appendice 2. L’alphabet cyrillique....

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This chapter is a bit of a mixture. It begins with the death of Charles II and then goes on to James II. Judge Jeffries then makes an appearance in a riot of slapstick absurdity when viewed from so far away. Although, at the time of the ‘Bloody Assizes’ he will have been much feared and hated by many.There are more to-and fro-ings in the Houses of Parliament. The Scots Covenanters make an appearance and dangerfield and Oates get their come-uppance. Macaulay paints the mid to late 17th century in a mad effervescence of colour. Summary by Jim Mowatt...

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History

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An in-depth view and early history of the Mohawk Valley in upper New York state, covering the time period of 1609-1780. This historical piece covers that part of the Mohawk Valley between Schenectady and Rome, NY. The narrator hopes that the listener understands that a best effort has been made in pronunciation of many names within this work; particularly those of the Mohawks, Iriquois, Huron, and Mohicans; as well as the French and Dutch. (Summary by Roger Melin)...

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History

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Dans la préface on considère des généralités liées à la chute d'états multiethniques, les rapports entre les peuples, leur territoire, leur proximité ethnique et religieuse. Dans le chapitre 1 on considère la ressemblance et la corrélation entre les mots. La corrélation est le rapport entre le nombre de lettres en commun et le nombre de lettres dans le plus court des deux mots. Par exemple, la corrélation entre ``Oslo'' et ``Stockholm'' est de 100% car toutes les quatre lettres du plus court des deux mots (notamment, ``Oslo'') sont contenues dans ``Stockholm''. La ressemblance tient compte non seulement de la corrélation, mais aussi si les premières lettres sont les mêmes, si les premières voyelles sont les mêmes, si les lettres en commun sont dans les mêmes positions etc. Par exemple les noms des deux endroits ou les plus importantes des batailles de la campagne de Napoléon Bonaparte en Russie ont eu lieu sont ``Borodino'' et ``Bérézina'' (les historiens français préfèrent parler de la bataille de la Moscova, pas celle de Borodino). La corrélation est seulement de 1/2, mais les lettres en commu...

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This chapter of Macaulay’s, History of England is concerned, for a large part, with insurrection against James II and his manoeuverings to suppress these. Argyle has been sheltering in Holland and returns to raise an army against James. Although brave and quick witted, he was no leader of men and the army became a confused rabble and were dispersed. Argyle was captured and died bravely. Monmouth had also been sheltering in Holland and he landed at Lyme and declared himself king on 20th June 1685. He was defeated at the battle of Sedgemoor and eventually caught and executed. Monmouth is a fine romantic and of course ultimately tragic figure. The chapter comes to an end with the Bloody Assizes and the very bloody Judge Jeffries. Summary by Jim Mowatt...

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History