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This book is a Mind Map of the elocution program designed by Katharine Jewel Evert. It is a difficult subject to tackle on paper, that is, without any audio aids. However, in addition to covering the principles of speaking, the map is designed to be used as a workbook with exercises that can be applied to help anyone build a better speaking voice. It's theme is reading different types of books aloud and interpreting the authors thoughts for delivery, via the voice, into the mind of the listeners. This theme is also valid for two people simply talking. Your voice is your expression of yourself, one of the key characteristics that define you to the world (along with appearance and behavior); improve your speaking voice and improve your entire life....

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Characteristic of an instrument (your voice) that is in tune: A pleasing voice, a clear voice, an intelligible voice, a strong voice.

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Self Expression The Speaking Voice, Fundamentals Learning to Support the Tone; The Tuning of the Instrument Freeing the Supported Tone Reinforcing the Tone The Technique of the Instrument Change of Pitch Study in Inflection Study in Tone-Color The Law of Approach The Essay Reading aloud different types of texts...

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The longest running independent newspaper at Williams is the Williams Record, a weekly broadsheet paper published on Wednesdays. The newspaper was founded in 1885, and now has a weekly circulation of 3,000 copies distributed in Williamstown, in addition to more than 600 subscribers across the country. The newspaper does not receive financial support from the college or from the student government and relies on revenue generated by local and national ad sales, subscriptions, and voluntary contributions for use of its website. Both Sawyer Library and the College Archives maintain more than a century's worth of publicly accessible, bound volumes of the Record. The newspaper provides access free of charge to a searchable database of articles stretching back to 1998 on its website. The student yearbook is called The Gulielmensian, which means "Williams Thing" in Greek.[52] It was published irregularly in the 1990s, but has been annual for the past several years and dates back to the mid-...

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This book is the second of three volumes designed to provide a general history of the modern Hawaiian Kingdom. The first volume was published some years ago under the title, The Hawaiian Kingdom, 1778-1854: Foundation and Transformation. The third volume, which explores the years 1874-1893, deals with the reigns of Kalakaua and Liliuokalani, the expansive reciprocity era and the downfall of the monarchy. The present volume covers the middle period of the kingdom's history, between the close of the reign of Kamehameha III and the accession of Kalakaua. It was an important period with distinct and well-marked characteristics. The ideas of the kings and many of the influences at work differed significantly from those of the preceding and following reigns. But it has been comparatively neglected by students of Hawaiian history; relatively little has been written about it; and the noteworthy changes and advances which occurred during these years have received less attention than they deserve. In the present volume, an attempt has been made to get a truer perspective and to give a more adequate account of the developments of the period. T...

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The first attempts to establish steam navigation among the Hawaiian islands were made by men engaged in similar enterprises in California; they were part of a much larger movement. The expansion of the United States to the Pacific coast, the extraordinarily rapid settlement of California after the discovery of gold in that region, and the quick rise of San Francisco to a position of importance in the commercial and maritime world deepened American interest in the Pacific region and in the trade of eastern Asia. This led naturally to discussion of the subject of steam navigation in the Pacific. Steamships were soon placed in operation along the American coast, and tentative plans were made for steamship lines to cross the great ocean to Hawaii, to the Orient, and to the British colonies in Australia and New Zealand. Projects for the annexation of Hawaii to the United States were another result of the same expansion movement, and there appears to have been a relationship between the idea of annexation and at least one of the schemes for putting steamships into the interisland service. Immediately after the beginning of the gold rush ...

Table of Contents Details
Interisland Coasting Service. 3 -- Interisland Steam Navigation. 11 -- Transoceanic Transporation. 15 -- Harbor Improvements. 19 -- Land Travel. 23 -- Mail Service. 26 -- The New King. 33 -- Administrative Organization. 36 -- General Policy. 37 -- Mission of W. L. Lee. 39 -- Failure of the Reciprocity Treaty. 45 -- Great Britain and the Reciprocity Treaty. 47 -- New Treaty with France. 47 -- Quest for Security. 54 -- Hawaii's Neutrality in Time of War. 57 -- Hawaii and Japan. 66 -- The Queen's Hospital. 69 -- Leprosy. 72 -- Immigration. 75 -- The Royal Family. 78 -- Hawaiian Reformed Catholic Church. 84 -- Other Religious Developments. 99 -- Educational Developments. 106 -- Kamehameha III and the Constitution of 1852. 115 -- Amending the Constitution of 1852. 119 -- Death of Kamehameha IV and Accession of Kamehameha V. 124 -- Constitution of 1864. 127 -- Decline of Whaling Industry. 135 -- Growth of Sugar Industry. 140 -- Other Agricultural Activity. 149 -- Hawaii's Trade Balance. 163 -- Steamship Service: Interisland. 164 -- Steamship Service: Transoceanic. 168 -- Hotel and Public Works. 172 -- Government Finances. 175 -- Bureau of...

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Language is the fiber that binds us to our cultural identity. The UH Hilo College of Hawaiian Language, Ka Haka Ula O Keelikolani was established in 1997 by the Hawaii State Legislature to “serve as a focal point for the states efforts to revitalize the Hawaiian language through teacher training, undergraduate and graduate study of Hawaiian, community outreach, research and testing, use of technology, national and international cooperation, and the development of liberal education in Hawaiian for future generations of Hawaiian speakers. ” Named in honor of Ruth Keelikolani Keanolani Kanahoahoa, the 19th century high chiefess known for her strong advocacy of Hawaiian language and culture, the College models its operation primarily through an indigenous language. Building upon the vast repository of traditional knowledge passed down through generations, the College seeks to develop an academic curriculum emphasizing language acquisition, linguistics, traditional culture and education programs which are culturally responsive to the needs of the Hawaiian medium learning environment, and support a network of community outre...

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There will be a culturally enlightened Hawaiian nation, there will be a Hawaiian nation enlightened. The Native Hawaiian Education Council (NHEC) was established by Congress in 1994, and reauthorized as part of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, Public Law 107-110, Title VII, Part B, also known as the Native Hawaiian Education Act. Among other things, this act authorizes the Secretary of Education to make a direct grant to the Education Council to coordinate the educational and related services and programs available to Native Hawaiians; to assess the extent to which such services and programs meet the needs of Native Hawaiians, and collect data on the status of Native Hawaiian education; to provide direction and guidance, through the issuance of reports and recommendations, to appropriate Federal, State, and local agencies in order to focus and improve the use of resources for Native Hawaiian education, and serve, where appropriate, in an advisory capacity; and to make direct grants, if such grants enable the Education Council to carry out the duties as prescribed by the Act. The NHEC is a twenty-five member, statewide...

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Preface. 11 -- Acknowledgements. 15 -- Na Honua Mauli Ola Guidelines. 17 -- Guidelines for Learners. 21 -- Guidelines for Educators. 33 -- Guidelines for Schools and Institutions. 45 -- Guidelines for Families. 55 -- Guidelines for Communities. 65 -- Na Honua Mauli Ola Action Plan. 77 -- Programs and Organizations Glossary. 79 -- Hawaiian Glossary. 81 -- English Glossary. 87 -- References. 89 --...

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Both quiz and the competitive examinations need a wide database of general knowledge, ways to remember the essentials, and to utilize them at the proper time, during examination, or during a quiz competition. How To Win Quiz & Succeed In Any Exam by Dr Kartik H. Is a book in that direction. The author first gives an idea to build a wide general knowledge base, from the common resources easily available all around us. Next, he explains the tricks and ways, in the form of tools, to memorize this huge collection of general knowledge, in a systematic way. The exercises given in the end of each tool, familiarises us in utilising them. He also tells us exactly how to filter the essentials from non-essentials, and remember only the essentials. Then, the reader is explained the setup of most standard quiz competitions, how to prepare for them and how to face them effectively. By understanding this comprehensive picture of the quiz competition set ups, we are mentally prepared well to face them. Followed by this, the reader is explained how to utilize this general knowledge collection in a logical and systematic way not only in a quiz compet...

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Knowledge Is Power, Fun And an Accomplishment

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Chapter 1- WHY QUIZ? Chapter 2- QUIZ IS A MIND GAME Chapter 3- RESOURCES Chapter 4- QUIZ TOOLS Tool 1: Read / Listen To The Question Carefully Tool 2: Sequentialize To Memorise Tool 3: Memory Tags Tool 4: Internalize The Superlatives Tool 5: Compartmentalize Knowledge Tool 6: Extensive Reading To Build A Good Knowledge Reserve. Tool 7: Beware Of Etsem Facts Tool 8: Connecting The Dots Tool 9: Pattern Recognition Tool 10 Let Us Recall The Tools Chapter 5- THE QUIZ COMPETITION Chapter 6- QUIZ AND EXAMINATIONS Chapter 7- SOME MODEL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SUGGESTED TOOLS TO SOLVE THEM Chapter 8 -ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...

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R. S. Kuykendall spent four decades of his life writing the history of Hawaii. He came to the Islands in 1922 as executive secretary of the newly formed Historical Commission of the Territory of Hawaii. The Commission planned, among other projects, to publish a large-scale history: a general narrative of a thousand pages or more, sufficiently documented to ensure "authoritativeness. " Working to this mandate, Kuykendall brought to bear on his task everything he could muster in the way of personal and professional resources. He was well suited to the sort of pioneer labor that faced him. He had a great appetite and aptitude for spadework of an archival kind, locating, acquiring, and organizing collections of documents. His use of materials was marked by a quite outstanding scrupulosity with regard to matters of fact. Whatever industriousness and commonsensical perceptiveness could wring from often inadequate, often intransigent sources, Kuykendall set himself to extract. Though the Historical Commission itself did not survive the Great Depression, Kuykendall, continuing his researches as a faculty member of the University o...

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This volume is one of the fruits of a project undertaken more than a dozen years ago by the Historical Commission of the Territory of Hawaii and carried on since 1932 by the University of Hawaii. The project called for the preparation of a comprehensive general history of Hawaii based upon a thorough study of original sources. The first phase of the undertaking was to discover the source material not already available in Honolulu and to obtain copies of as much of it as possible, particularly of documents which shed new light on the history of the islands. For this purpose, extensive research has been carried on in the national archives of the United States, Great Britain, and France, and minor investigations have been made in the archives of Belgium and Mexico and in a number of libraries and collections in the United States. Many thousand pages of transcripts have been obtained from these places, supplementing at many points and in many important respects the materials previously available in Honolulu. Independently of this project, a large quantity of new material has been added to collections in the Territory, and there has...

Table of Contents Details
Preface. xi -- List of Abbreviations. xiii -- Introduction: A Glimpse of Ancient Hawaii. 1 -- Coming of the Foreigners. 12 -- Kamehameha and the Founding of the Kingdom. 29 -- 1819. 61 -- Kamehameha II. 71 -- Early Commercial Development. 82 -- New Religion and New Learning. 100 -- The Early Years of the Reign of Kamehameha III: Regency of Kaahumanu. 117 -- The Troubled Thirties. 133 -- The Birth of Constitutional Government. 153 -- Industry, Agriculture, Manufactures. 170 -- The Recognition of Hawaii's Independence. 185 -- The Paulet Episode. 206 -- Governmental Reorganization in the Midst of Difficulties. 227 -- The Land Revolution. 269 -- Commercial and Agricultural Progress, 1830-1854. 299 -- Religious and Educational Development, 1840-1854. 335 -- The Struggle for Equitable Treaties. 368 -- The Shadow of Destiny. 383 -- On the Date of the Birth of Kamehameha. 429 -- On the Regency, 1823-1833. 430 -- On the Origin of the Hawaiian Sandalwood Trade. 434 -- On the Debt Settlement of 1826. 434 -- Index. 437 --...

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School Management Software designed for managing school information while keeping in mind all kinds of users. You should be able to use this software from anywhere with the help of a browser. They are very smart, powerful and very easy to use. Even though you get to access this school software over internet, you need a proper browser to use it. Pradhyot is multi user School management software which is used by thousands of educational institutions worldwide for all administration, management and learning activities. School ERP software has modules like timetable, Attendance management, Exams, News, Library, Hostel, fleet, Events & Calendar. Pradhyot is a unique and comprehensive School Management Software that connect all the department of an education institute namely management, finance, office, fee, transport and library. Through this Software we can endow with the Attendance Management, Exam Management, Fees Management, and also Library Management facility to the user. It can manage and compute all the transaction very easily. The Software is easy to install, learn and maintain. Web-based higher education academic a...

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http://pradhyot.com

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Features of School Management Software: 1. Student Management and Fees 2. Exam Management and Payroll Management 3. Vehicle Management 4. Library Management 5. Book Stationary Management 6. Accounts Management 7. Dynamic Time Table Management ...

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This bibliography includes all known titles published in the Hawaiian language anywhere in the world between 1822 and the end of the century. The only items not listed are one-page broadsides, government documents, serials, sheet music, and programs for events such as concerts, royal functions, and the like. The work was begun in 1938 by Bernice Judd of the Hawaiian Mission Children's Society Library at the suggestion of Dr. Clarence Brigham, director of the American Antiquarian Society. The original plan was simply to prepare a revision of Howard Ballou's 1908 bibliography. As the work progressed, however, it became evident that a mere revision was not practical, and a completely new bibliography was begun. Holdings recorded at that time were limited to those in libraries in Hawaii. When I undertook completion of the project in 1963, I decided to include additional information on each item and to recheck the local holdings, because most collections had grown considerably since 1938. Subsequently, I was able to add information on holdings of Hawaiian-language titles in libraries all over the world. In 1971 Clare Murdoch joined me in...

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The first chapter in the history of Hawaiian printing becomes primarily a resumé of the linguistic efforts of the early missionaries to the Sandwich Islands. To a researcher perhaps the most remarkable feature of the story is that the missionaries began their printing activities even before they had settled on a standard alphabet and orthography for the hitherto unwritten Hawaiian language. The members of the Sandwich Islands Mission sent from Boston by the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions had arrived at Kawaihae armed with zeal, press, and printer, on March 30, 1820, and in Honolulu the following April 19. To their collective mind it was absolutely essential to have printed material available as soon as possible to reinforce their efforts in disseminating the gospel among the widely scattered communities of the island group. Consequently, as the oral language had to be converted to writing before any printing could be done, intolerable delay would be inevitable if the men of God were to wait until their studies became definitive. So they set to work almost immediately and in only two years completed the complica...

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The Hale Kuamoo–Hawaiian Language Center supports and encourages expansion of Hawaiian language as the medium of education, business, government, and other contexts of social life in Hawaii. The Center provides professional and material resources necessary to address this goal including educational support in the development of curriculum materials for Hawaiian medium education, teacher training, Na Maka O Kana Hawaiian language newspaper, and the Mamaka Kaiao dictionary of contemporary Hawaiian terms....

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Ua pai ia He Moolelo Kaao no Iwa i ka nupepa Ka Hoku o Hawaii i ka makahiki 1908. A ua pai hou ia me ka hahai ana i ke kulekele no ka hoano hou, ka hooponopono a me ka loihape ana e ka Hale Kuamoo. O kekahi laana ka waiho ana i na huaolelo i hoomaaka ia ma ke ano he hoike manao o ka mea kakau. Ua hookomo ia hoi ka manao o ka hoano hou ma na kuhia o lalo. Eia hou, na ka mea hoano hou no i haku i na olelo ma na kahaapo kihikihi [ ] ma muli o ka pelu ia o ke kope kumu. Ua hoano hou ia keia moolelo no ka hoike ana i kekahi manao no ka aihue. He moolelo kaao keia no kekahi aihue kaulana i kapa ia kona inoa o Iwa. O ka aihue kana hana, a o ia no ka oi o na aihue a pau a puni o Hawaii pae aina. Ua olelo ia, ua aihue o Iwa, ia ia hoi ma ka opu o kona makuahine. Ua hoolono ia akula kona kaulana, a ua kaao maila. He mookaao wale no paha keia He mea i haku wale ia paha He kanaka maoli no paha o Iwa Aole maopopo lea ia kakou, aka, o kekahi waiwai o ka moolelo, he hoike i ka manao, na kuuna, ka moomeheu a me ke kuanaike ao o na kupuna. I keia wa, ke noonoo kakou i keia hana o ka aihue, noonoo ia he mea maikai ole, he ae kanawai, he hewa. A ao...

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The year 2005 has been a pivotal time for Native Hawaiians. As a community, we have come together with a heightened purpose and passion for what it means to be an indigenous people. This is critical in light of persistent legal threats to Hawaiian institutions such as Kamehameha Schools, the Office of Hawaiian Affairs, and the Department of Hawaiian Home Lands. As Hawaiian issues gain momentum locally and nationally, one thing is clear: The Hawaiian voice matters, and that voice is growing. Understanding and amplifying the native voice is a central objective of Hulili: Multidisciplinary Research on Hawaiian Well-Being. This second volume of Hulili(bridge or ladder) brings together ancestral knowledge of the past and current issues that affect Hawaiians today. We lead off with the manao (ideas, thoughts) of Pualani Kanahele and Kekuni Blaisdell, shared at the 2004 Research Conference on Hawaiian Well-Being held at the Kamehameha Schools Hawai’i Campus. Other articles from emerging and established voices take readers through a spiritually and intellectually challenging terrain that goes from the sunrise at Kumukahi to the heig...

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Kanaka means human being. Maoli means true, real, genuine. We have relearned that it also means to come from the aina, the land, and to return to the aina. Aka (yet), aina is more than lepo, the soil, for aina means “that which feeds. ” No laila, aina is Papa, our Earth Mother, including wai (all waters), kai (all seas), Ka Moananui (Oceania), and beyond. Aina is also Wakea, our Sky Father, ea (air), lani (all heavens, all suns, all moons and all stars), and beyond. Our oldest and longest mele (poetic composition; song), He Kumulipo, also tells us that from the mating of these dual primordial forces, Papa and Wakea, come everything in our sacred cosmos. Since we all have the same parents, we are all ohana (family). Since Papa and Wakea are living, everything is living, conscious, and communicating. We include the wind, rain, light, shadows, rocks, fire, and sounds. We have relearned that all of the natural elements are laa (sacred). No laila, we cannot destroy, degrade, contaminate, pollute, and waste. We must protect, conserve, preserve, restore, and sustain our laa environment for all hanauna (generations) to come. * ...

Table of Contents Details
I Hea Na Kanaka Maoli Whither the Hawaiians-Kekuni Blaisdell. 9 -- I Am This Land and This Land Is Me -Pualani Kanahele. 21 -- Issues and Processes in Indigenous Research -Peter Mataira, Jon K. Matsuoka, and Paula T. Morelli. 35 -- The Moolelo (Story) of Teachers Learning and Teaching Hawaiian-Culture and Space Science: New Opportunities Through Minority-Initiatives in Space Science (NOMISS)-Alice Kawakami and Nani Pai. 47 -- Family and Society-Reflections of an "Always Already" Failing Native Hawaiian Mother: Deconstructing Colonial Discourses on Indigenous-Child-Rearing and Early Childhood Education-Julie Kaomea-. 77 -- A Profile of Hawaiian and Non-Hawaiian Women Incarcerated in a Community Residential Transition Program-Sylvia Yuen, Allison Hu, and John Engel. 97 -- Perceptions of Family and Health Support Services for Native Hawaiian Children and Families: Findings from Community Evaluations -Marika N. Ripke, Kana Taniguchi, and Kanani Aton. 113 -- Education-Through One Lens: Sources of Spiritual Influence at Kamakakuokalani Kanalu G. Terry Young. 135 -- Making Meaning: Connecting School to Hawaiian Students’ Lives -Lois A. Y...

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Welina mai! Welcome to the inaugural issue of Hulili, a multidisciplinary, peer-reviewed journal on Hawaiian well-being. The word hulili is defined as “ladder, bridge, as to scale a cliff or cross a gully” (Hawaiian Dictionary, Pukui & Elbert, 1986, p. 89). Our vision for Hulili is to create a multidisciplinary forum for current research that examines the nature, needs, and strengths of Hawaiians, their families, and their communities. We believe that through collaboration and critique, Hulili will foster new connections and shared insights and mobilize greater Hawaiian well-being. The seeds of this work were planted last year at Kamehameha Schools’ first annual research conference on the education and well-being of Hawaiians. The Policy Analysis & System Evaluation (PASE) department at Kamehameha Schools planned and hosted the three-day event that brought together researchers, educators, and other professionals from various fields dedicated to improving Hawaiian well-being. The result was a powerful exchange of current findings, recent data, and new challenges from areas including health, medicine, education, social work, e...

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The Economy: A Western Tool to Achieve Our Native Goals-Robin Puanani Danner -- 7 -- Indigenous Heuristic Action Research: Bridging-Western and Indigenous Research Methodologies-Ku Kahakalau -- 19 -- Where Can We Collectively Be That Is Greater Than Where We Are Now?-Maenette K. P. Benham -- 35 -- Identity and Diversity in Contemporary Hawaiian Families:-Ho?i Hou i ka Iwi Kuamo?o-Shawn Malia Kana?iaupuni -- 53 -- A Macro Portrait of Hawaiian Families-Ivette Rodriguez Stern, Sylvia Yuen, and Marcia Hartsock -- 73 -- Factors Affecting Choice of Kith and Kin Care by Families-Receiving Child-Care Subsidies -- 93 -- Issues Central to the Inclusion of Hawaiian Culture in K-12 Education-Alice J. Kawakami -- 111 -- Best Practices in a Hawaiian Kindergarten: Making a Case-for Na Honua Mauli Ola-Lisa S. Goldstein and Lilinoe Andrews -- 133 -- Modern Hawaiian Migration: Brain Drain or Brain Gain?-Nolan J. Malone -- 149 -- Hawaiian Children’s Developmental Understanding of Race and Culture-Stephen M. Quintana, Elissa Chun, Salynn. Gonsalves,-William D. K. Kaeo, and Lahela Lung -- 173 -- No ke Ola Pono o ka Lahui Hawai?i:-The Protection and Perp...

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What this Book is About? The 1990s decision of Thailand to transition some public universities towards autonomy retained overall accountability for government allocations while internal university matters were to be left to University Councils. An autonomous university in Thailand is defined as a government agency that receives a block grant, operates outside the government bureaucracy and is overseen by the Minister of Education. This includes freedom to determine salaries and staff benefits. The policy objective was to allow flexibility to increase fiscal and academic efficiencies. The process of moving from a finely detailed and inflexible government department budget to one managed according to a strategic plan requires skilled planning. This is the process described and analysed in this book. The book context considered the subjects of: universities as specific institutions; the origins and operations of Thai universities; specificities of the South of Thailand (where Thaksin University is located); modernization of the sector, and university budgeting and financial management. Upon being proclaimed autonomous in 2008 th...

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What this Book is About? 1 Chapter 1 Towards University Autonomy 5 Using Experience from Australia 6 Relative Funding Models 7 National Weighting 8 University Administration in Thailand 9 Chapter 2 How Universities are Different 15 A. Universities as Specific Institutions 15 Universities in Australia 18 Recent Reforms in Australia 20 Autonomy and Academic Freedom 22 B. Origins and Operations of Thai Universities 23 The Role of Universities in Thailand 26 Thai and Global Universities 28 C. Specificities of Southern Thailand 30 D. Modernizing Thai Universities 35 Meaning of Autonomy in Thai Universities 37 The Transitional Path 44 Relative Funding Models 46 National Weightings 49 E. Budget Management in Univerities 50 Governance and Centrality of Finances 50 Model for Budgetary Autonomy 52 Learning from the Corporate Sector 53 Performance-Based Budgeting 61 Budgeting Transitions for Autonomy 66 The Autonomous University 68 Chapter 3 Analyzing the Transition to Autonomy 73 Nar...

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In i870, the kingdom of hawaii faced a challenge: as a result of often poor surveying during the mahele process in the 1840s and 1850s, land records were chaotic. Uncertainty over boundaries and land ownership was a major hindrance to real estate sales, taxes, and the development of the kingdoms economy. Under the direction of the young William DeWitt Alexander, a new government agency was established to take charge of surveying and mapping operations in the country. The Hawaiian Government Survey (1870—1900) was an ambitious undertaking for the period. Although comparable agencies were well established in Europe by then, even the United States had not yet created an agency whose mandate was to map the entire country. Combining the best of a classical education, a pragmatic approach to problems, and a willingness to tackle rugged outdoor work in often miserable conditions, W. D. Alexander succeeded in shaping his small but dedicated staff into a mapping agency that achieved a remarkably high standard of proficiency. In doing so, Alexander made a decision that was both brave and wise, choosing not to emulate the work of European and ...

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By the late 1860s, private land ownership had replaced the traditional Hawaiian land tenure system, with profound and far-reaching effects on Hawaiian society. In the traditional Hawaiian system land was not owned outright by anyone but was held in stewardship for all the people by the alii ai moku, the highest ranking member of society. The alii ai moku granted the use of specific pieces of land to high-ranking alii (often referred to as chiefs), who in turn assigned parcels to be used by lesser alii or to individual families. The makaainana, or common people, paid rent to those above them in the hierarchy by giving a portion of the produce from their gardens and other resources gathered from the land and the waters and by contributing labor to projects for the common good. Recipients of such benefits kept some and passed the rest up the social and political chain. The alii in turn were obligated to carry out the many functions associated with any form of government....

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Authors rarely have the privilege, after twenty-five years, of revising a work of considerable size. We are grateful to have had this privilege, because the need for a complete revision of the Hawaiian Dictionary has long been evident, judging from the response of scholars and of many other readers, not only in Hawai?i, but from all parts of the world. Work of revision, begun in 1972, has taken so long that the compilers often wondered if they would live to see the final form of this labor of love. In this preface we review the additions and changes that have been incorporated in this latest edition. About 3,000 new entries have been added to the Hawaiian-English section, bringing the total number of entries in that section to about 29,000. Almost certainly it is the largest and most complete of any Polynesian dictionary. Partly because of the increased interest in Hawaiiana, many books have appeared since the first edition was compiled in the early 1950s. Those sources most productive of new entries and additional meanings of old entries include the following (see the References for bibliographic details): Handy and Pukui 1958, Ii...

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In the revised dictionary we have attempted to credit Greek, Hebrew, and Latin as sources of many loan words in Hawaiian, drawing on Elbert and Knowlton's unpublished paper (1985) that lists words probably from Greek (mostly in the New Testament), Hebrew (mostly in the Old Testament), and Latin (mostly of non-Hawaiian animals and terms for Christian services). We found that the meanings of Hawaiian words in the King James Version (KJV) differed considerably from those in the Revised Standard Version (RSV) of 1946–1952 (Old Testament) and 1971 (New Testament). In such cases both definitions are given, the RSV meanings appearing first, as presumably based on later research. There is no assurance that all such differences in the two versions are noted. In the table below are listed a few of the many words from Greek, Hebrew, and Latin with RSV glosses that differ from KJV glosses. Notice that in every case the alternate spelling (with non-Hawaiian letters) clearly reflects the source language. Notice also that the Hawaiian loan words of Greek origin in this short list end in o; this is probably because of the frequency of Greek w...

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Summary of all possible points for quick revision for CA Final May2015 Exam.

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The book is based on Indian Income Tax Act, 1961. It covers sections 234A,234B and 234C.

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No Content Page No 1 Calculations of Interest Payable 9 Sec 234A Non-furnishing / defaults in furnishing Return 10 Sec 234B Short Payment of Advance Tax of more than10% 10 Sec 234C Deferment of Advance Tax 11 2 Supporting Notes 12 Note-1 Due date to file return 13 Note-2 Consequences of Filling return after Due Date 13 Note-3 Due dates and instalments of Advance Tax 13 3 Bare Act 14 Sec 234A Non-furnishing / defaults in furnishing Return 15 Sec 234B Short Payment of Advance Tax of more than10% 17 Sec 234C Deferment of Advance Tax 19 References used in Bare Act 21...

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The long-awaited third edition of the Atlas of Hawai'i is entirely revised in content and design. It is divided into six sections, five of which are abundantly illustrated. The first contains detailed reference maps with place names for towns, mountains, bays, harbors, and other features; geographical descriptions of the state and the main islands; and an introduction to Hawaiian place names. This is followed by four sections on the physical, biotic, cultural, and social aspects of the Hawai'i environment. Geology, climate, the ocean, water, soils, and astronomy are among the topics discussed in "The Physical Environment." Next the special character of terrestrial and marine ecosystems is described in "The Biotic Environment." "The Cultural Environment" considers the people of Hawai'i. The diversity of the state's cultures is treated in chapters on history and languages as well as archaeology, religion, and the arts. "The Social Environment" treats such elements as the economy, government, and tourism. The sixth and final section comprises a statistical supplement, bibliography, and gazetteer for the reference maps. Readers of th...

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Eo e ku'u lei mokupuni o na kai 'ewalu- I call to you, acknowledge O my lei islands of the eight seas. Located between 19 and 22 degrees north latitude, Hawai'i is the southernmost state in the United States and has the same general latitude as Hong Kong and Mexico City. It is situated almost in the center of the Pacific Ocean and is one of the most isolated yet populous places on Earth. The west coast of North America, for example, is 2,400 miles (3,900 kilometers) from Honolulu, and Japan is 3,800 miles (6,100 kilometers) away. Six time zones separate Hawai'i from the eastern United States. This means that 9:00 A.M. (eastern standard time) in Washington, D.C. and New York City is 6:00 a.m. in Los Angeles and 4:00 a.m. in Hawai'i....

Table of Contents Details
Preface -- ix -- Acknowledgments -- xi -- Introduction -- xiii -- Kaua'i and Ni'ihau -- 3 -- O'ahu -- 7 -- Moloka'i and Lana'i -- 11 -- Maui -- 14 -- Hawai'i -- 17 -- Northwestern Hawaiian Islands -- 23 -- Hawaiian Place Names -- 26 -- Mapping and Geodesy -- 29 -- Geology -- 37 -- Geothermal Resources -- 47 -- Climate -- 49 -- Hawai'i and Atmospheric Change -- 60 -- Paleoclimate and Geography -- 64 -- Natural Hazards -- 67 -- Earthquakes -- 69 -- Volcanic Hazards on the Island of Hawai'i -- 72 -- Hurricanes -- 74 -- Tsunamis -- 76 -- Coastal Hazards -- 79 -- The Ocean -- 82 -- Water -- 87 -- Soils -- 92 -- Astronomy -- 97 -- Biogeography -- 103 -- Evolution -- 107 -- Marine Ecosystems -- 111 -- Terrestrial Ecosystems -- 121 -- Birds -- 130 -- Native Plants -- 135 -- Insects and Their Kin -- 140 -- Hawaiian Tree Snails -- 144 -- Alien Species and Threats to Native Ecology -- 146 -- Endangered and Threatened Species -- 150 -- Protected Areas -- 154 -- Archaeology -- 161 -- History -- 169 -- Population -- 183 -- Languages -- 198 -- Religion -- 201 -- Architecture -- 205 -- Museums and Libraries -- 208 -- Culture and the Arts -- 211 --...

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Summary of Salary head under the Income Tax for Taxation Students of India. This book will serve for last minute revision. This book is prepared with five effective pages of Summary which only you need to read to recapture the concept covered in Salary Head....

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The book is for CA Final November 2014 however it can be used for May2015 CA Final exam.

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Since the untimely death of the sacred Prince William Charlcs Lunalilo, last island monarch of the Kamehameha Dynasty, about 80 years ago, there have arisen among the Hawaiians a great number of controversies involving the royal and noble genealogies, and pedigrees. In other instances, stories have been created of the most fantastic nature to distort utterly the true personalities of the Hawaiian kings and princes. For countless centuries the great House of Keawe had ruled over the island Kingdom of Hawaii. In 1782 at the great Battle of Mokuohai, a prince of the junior line of the House of Keawe, Kamehameha the First, established his authority and government and enthroned his dynasty....

Excerpt Details
Throughout the entire history of Hawaii, there have been only three queens who ruled in their own sovereign right. These …ere first, the fabulously beautiful Kaikilani (Heaven?s Portion), second, the powerful and imperious Keakealani (The Blinding Light of Heaven), and third, Liliuokalani, the last queen of Hawaii. The second of these, the Queen Keakealani, became the mother of the great Prince Keawe. Keakealani was an unusual woman. At a time of masculine supremacy, she took the reins government into her own sure hands and exercised a rigid control over her realm. She led her own armies into battle and quickly quelled any attempt of the powerful chiefs of the great Hawaii districts to overthrow her....